After the Bangladesh Flood Action Plan: Looking to the future
After the Bangladesh Flood Action Plan: Looking to the future
复制标题
DOI：
10.3763/ehaz.2010.si01
复制
发表时间：
2010-01-01
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Brammer, Hugh
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brammer, Hugh
由于多种政治、经济和体制原因，孟加拉国洪水行动计划（FAP）保护该国免受河流洪水影响的主要目标并未实现。接下来 20 年的人口和经济变化增加了孟加拉国遭受破坏性洪水的风险。该国新当选的政府致力于提供防洪和地表水灌溉，以实现国家粮食自给自足。因此，需要重新审查综合洪水和水管理系统的可行性和承受能力。技术评估必须考虑到孟加拉国严重洪水主要是由孟加拉国境内的强降雨以及与全球变暖相关的洪水和气旋风险增加造成的。机构评估应审查克服治理限制并增强地方管理防洪和灌溉项目责任的实际方法。如果无法提供此类项目，就必须寻求替代措施，为生命、生计和经济生产提供保障。这些措施可能包括“防洪”城市和农村住区、开发改良作物品种以及更有效地利用灌溉和化肥。还需要采取措施扩大国民经济的其他部门，以产生出口和购买增加进口粮食所需的收入。
The main objectives of the Bangladesh Flood Action Plan (FAP), to protect the country from river floods, were not achieved, for several political, economic and institutional reasons. Demographic and economic changes in the following 20 years have increased Bangladesh's exposure to damaging floods. The country's newly elected government is committed to providing flood protection and surface-water irrigation as a means to achieve national foodgrain self-sufficiency. Therefore, the feasibility and affordability of comprehensive flood and water management systems need to be re-examined. The technical assessment must take into account the finding that severe floods in Bangladesh are caused mainly by heavy rainfall within Bangladesh as well as the increased flood and cyclone risks associated with global warming. An institutional assessment should examine practical means to overcome governance constraints and to increase local responsibility for managing flood protection and irrigation projects. If such projects cannot be provided, alternative measures must be sought to provide security for lives, livelihoods and economic production. These could include 'flood-proofing' urban and rural settlements, development of improved crop varieties, and more efficient use of irrigation and fertilizers. Measures to expand other sectors of the national economy would also be needed to generate the exports and incomes required to purchase increased food imports.