Ship Emission Inventories in Estuary of the Yangtze River Using Terrestrial AIS Data
Ship Emission Inventories in Estuary of the Yangtze River Using Terrestrial AIS Data
复制标题
利用陆地AIS数据编制长江口船舶排放清单
DOI：
10.12716/1001.10.04.13
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发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Xingjian Zhang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Xin Yao;J. Mou;Pengfei Chen;Xingjian Zhang
河口是内陆河与外海的过渡地带。 长江口是我国连接国内外航运的重要通道，近几十年来船舶交通十分繁忙。目前，在忙碌航道中，船舶污染问题已引起越来越多的关注。 为了调查船舶排放清单，本文提出了一种基于自动识别系统（AIS）的方法。AIS数据是船舶交通的真实数据，包括船舶的动态信息（位置、速度、航向等）。和静态信息（船舶类型、尺寸、名称等）。根据船舶尺度，对不同船型的发动机功率进行了估算。通过使用基于AIS的自下而上的方法，开发了船舶排放清单以及空气污染物和温室气体的份额。船舶排放的空间分布以热图的形式显示。以2010年河口区AIS数据为例，分析了河口区的排放清单，结果表明：（1）各排放源的份额依次为游船6.59%，散货船5.16%，集装箱船52.96%，油轮15.16%，渔船9.16%，其他船舶10.97%;（2）CO2是河口区的主要排放源。(3)排放强度最高的地区一般集中在南港、北港和附近的港口。该方法是基于AIS数据的，它不仅包含了单船的真实的数据，而且还包含了研究区域内的船舶交通状况。 本文的研究成果可供从事这一领域研究的学者和决策者参考。http://www.transnav.eu国际航海与海上运输安全杂志第10卷
Estuary forms a transition zone between inland river and open sea. In China, the estuary of the Yangtze River plays a vital role in connecting the inland and oversea shipping, and witnesses heavy vessel traffic in the recent decades. Nowadays, more attentions have been directed to the issue of ship pollution in busy waterways. In order to investigate the ship emission inventory, this paper presents an Automatic Identification System(AIS) based method. AIS data is the realistic data of vessel traffic including dynamic information (position, speed, course, etc.) and static information (ship type, dimensions, name, etc.). According to ship dimensions, the power of engines is estimated for different ship types. By using AIS based bottom‐up approach, ship emission inventories and shares of air pollutants and GHGs (Greenhouse gases) are developed. Spatial distribution of ship emissions is illustrated in the form of heat map. As a case study, the emission inventories are analyzed using AIS data of 2010 in the estuary, and following results are made:(1) shares of the emission are cruise ships 6.59%, bulk carriers 5.16%, container ships 52.96%, tankers 15.16%, fishing ships 9.16%, other ships 10.97%; (2) CO2 is the dominant part of the emission. (3) Areas of highest emission intensity are generally clustered around the South Channel, the North Channel and ports in the vicinity. The proposed method is promising because it is derived from the AIS data which contains not only real data of individual ship but also vessel traffic situation in the study area. It can server as a reference for other researchers and policy makers working in this field. http://www.transnav.eu the International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation Volume 10