Reusable Fuzzy Extractors for Low-Entropy Distributions

Reusable Fuzzy Extractors for Low-Entropy Distributions
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用于低熵分布的可重复使用的模糊提取器

DOI:
10.1007/978-3-662-49890-3_5
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发表时间:
2016
期刊:
Advances in Cryptology – EUROCRYPT 2016
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Smith, Adam
Smith, Adam
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Canetti, Ran;Fuller, Benjamin;Paneth, Omer;Reyzin, Leonid;Smith, Adam

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模糊抽取器(Dodis等人,在《密码学的进展--欧洲密码2014,施普林格,柏林,2014》,第93-110页)将秘密的重复噪声读数转换成相同的均匀分布的密钥。为了消除噪声,它们需要初始登记阶段,该初始登记阶段进行秘密的第一次噪声读取并且产生非秘密辅助串以在随后的读取中使用。可重复使用的模糊抽取器(Boyen,在第11届ACM计算机和通信安全会议,CCS,ACM,纽约,2004年,第82-91页)保持安全,即使该初始登记阶段与相同秘密的噪声版本重复多次,产生多个辅助串(例如,当单个人的生物测定被多个无关组织登记时)。我们构造了第一个可重复使用的模糊抽取器,它不假设源的多个读数是如何关联的。该抽取器适用于具有汉明噪声的二进制字符串;它在存在数字储存箱的情况下实现了计算安全(Canetti和Daldouk,《密码学的进展--Eurocrypt 2008,Springer,柏林,2008,pp 489-508》)。它很简单,并且可以容忍近线性误码率。对于线性最小熵率的源分布,我们的可复用抽取器是安全的。假设分布具有一些额外的结构,即信源的随机子序列具有足够的最小熵,则该构造对于具有低得多的熵率的源也是安全的--比先前(不可重复使用的)构造所支持的那些低。超越熵的结构对于支持具有低熵率的分布是必要的。然后,我们进一步探索在误码率较高的情况下,如何使用噪声源的不同结构特性来构造模糊抽取器,从而为大字母表信源构建计算安全和信息理论安全的构造。
Fuzzy extractors (Dodis et al., in Advances in cryptology—EUROCRYPT 2014, Springer, Berlin, 2014, pp 93–110) convert repeated noisy readings of a secret into the same uniformly distributed key. To eliminate noise, they require an initial enrollment phase that takes the first noisy reading of the secret and produces a nonsecret helper string to be used in subsequent readings.Reusablefuzzy extractors (Boyen, in Proceedings of the 11th ACM conference on computer and communications security, CCS, ACM, New York, 2004, pp 82–91) remain secure even when this initial enrollment phase is repeated multiple times with noisy versions of the same secret, producing multiple helper strings (for example, when a single person’s biometric is enrolled with multiple unrelated organizations). We construct the first reusable fuzzy extractor that makes no assumptions about how multiple readings of the source are correlated. The extractor works for binary strings with Hamming noise; it achieves computational security under the existence of digital lockers (Canetti and Dakdouk, in Advances in cryptology—EUROCRYPT 2008, Springer, Berlin, 2008, pp 489–508). It is simple and tolerates near-linear error rates. Our reusable extractor is secure for source distributions of linear min-entropy rate. The construction is also secure for sources with much lower entropy rates—lower than those supported by prior (nonreusable) constructions—assuming that the distribution has some additional structure, namely, that random subsequences of the source have sufficient minentropy. Structure beyond entropy is necessary to support distributions with low entropy rates. We then explore further how different structural properties of a noisy source can be used to construct fuzzy extractors when the error rates are high, building a computationally secure and an information-theoretically secure construction for large-alphabet sources.
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DOI: 10.1109/tit.2020.2984751
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影响因子: 2.5
作者:
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