Estradiol improves cerebellar memory formation by activating estrogen receptor β
Estradiol improves cerebellar memory formation by activating estrogen receptor β
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DOI：
10.1523/jneurosci.2588-07.2007
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发表时间：
2007-10-03
影响因子：
5.3
通讯作者：
De Jeu, Marcel T. G.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Andreescu, Corina E.;Milojkovic, Bogdan A.;De Jeu, Marcel T. G.
学习运动技能对于诸如驾驶汽车或弹奏钢琴等运动能力至关重要。我们学习这些技能的速度受许多因素影响。然而，性腺激素在多大程度上能够影响在时间和空间上准确运动的实现尚不清楚。在此，我们通过不同的证据表明，雌二醇促进运动学习所依赖的小脑皮质的可塑性。首先，我们表明雌二醇增强平行纤维到浦肯野细胞突触的长时程增强诱导，而不影响长时程抑制；其次，我们表明浦肯野细胞中雌激素受体β受体的雌二醇激活显著改善前庭眼反射的增益降低适应，而不影响一般的眼球运动表现；第三，我们表明雌二醇增加平行纤维到浦肯野细胞突触的密度，而不影响攀缘纤维突触的密度。我们得出结论，雌二醇可通过增强小脑可塑性和突触形成来提高运动技能。在发情周期或妊娠期雌二醇水平较高的时期，这些过程可能是有利的。
Learning motor skills is critical for motor abilities such as driving a car or playing piano. The speed at which we learn those skills is subject to many factors. Yet, it is not known to what extent gonadal hormones can affect the achievement of accurate movements in time and space. Here we demonstrate via different lines of evidence that estradiol promotes plasticity in the cerebellar cortex underlying motor learning. First, we show that estradiol enhances induction of long-term potentiation at the parallel fiber to Purkinje cell synapse, whereas it does not affect long-term depression; second, we show that estradiol activation of estrogen receptor beta receptors in Purkinje cells significantly improves gain-decrease adaptation of the vestibulo-ocular reflex, whereas it does not affect general eye movement performance; and third, we show that estradiol increases the density of parallel fiber to Purkinje cell synapses, whereas it does not affect the density of climbing fiber synapses. We conclude that estradiol can improve motor skills by potentiating cerebellar plasticity and synapse formation. These processes may be advantageous during periods of high estradiol levels of the estrous cycle or pregnancy.