Multiple toxins produced by some organisms of the Cl welchii group
Multiple toxins produced by some organisms of the Cl welchii group
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DOI：
10.1002/path.1700370107
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发表时间：
1933-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Ross, HE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Glenny, AT;Barr, M;Ross, HE
沼泽芽孢杆菌和痢疾杆菌（Cl. Welchii型Agni）含有至少4种毒素，每种毒素都有特异性抗体。通过对具有不同正常抗毒值的马的免疫血清（包括免疫期间采集的样品）滴定Cl. welchii（agni型）和B型。paludis含有经典的Cl.韦氏（α毒素）。通过比较豚鼠皮内滴定（β毒素和抗毒素）与小鼠静脉注射的结果，发现某些血清缺乏第3种抗体，即γ毒素，该毒素对小鼠是致死性的，但不会坏死。虽然用agni或paludis试剂进行皮内滴定的结果一致，但小鼠试验对某些血清的结果非常不一致，表明存在第4种毒素δ。结果不一致的血清在体外抗B的溶血能力较低。沼泽地因此，小鼠静脉注射方法不能测量任何单一的毒素-抗毒素反应。所有这4种毒素必须存在于两种类型的滤液中，因为用任一种免疫的马的血清含有所有4种毒素的抗体;每种毒素的存在比例不同。第五种毒素是坏死毒素，由另一种Cl产生。welchii。结果发现，在首次分离该菌株时制备的抗毒素血清中含有抗该毒素的抗体;后来来自同一菌株的抗毒素血清中不含该毒素。这表明，许多其他生物体产生多种毒素，治疗血清的使用偶尔失败可能是由于缺乏一些未识别的抗体。作者认为，作为一种可能的解释，这些毒素是由生长过程中出现的生物体变体单独产生的。
Culture filtrates of Bacillus paludis and the lamb-dysentery bacillus (Cl. welchii type agni) contain at least 4 toxins, for each of which there is a specific antibody. By titrations of filtrates against a number of immune sera, including samples taken during immunization, from horses having different normal antitoxic values, it was found that all filtrates of Cl. welchii (type agni) and of B. paludis contained the toxin of the classical Cl. welchii (alpha toxin). By comparing results of intracutaneous titration in guinea pigs (beta toxin and antitoxin) with these of intravenous injection into mice, it was found that certain sera were deficient in a 3rd antibody, gamma, toxin of which is lethal to mice but non-necrotic. Though results of intracutaneous titrations, using agni or paludis filtrates, agreed, mouse tests gave very discrepant results with certain sera, suggesting the presence of a 4th toxin, delta. Those sera giving discrepant results had been shown to be of low antihemolytic power in vitro against B. paludis filtrates. The mouse intravenous method therefore does not measure any single toxin-antitoxin reaction. All these 4 toxins must have been present in both types of filtrate, since sera from horses immunized with either contained antibodies to all 4 toxins; the filtrates differed in the proportions of each present. A 5th toxin, epsilon, necrotic in action, is produced by another type of Cl. welchii. It was found that antitoxic sera produced by immunization with agni filtrates prepared when the strain was first isolated, contain antibodies to this toxin; later filtrates from the same strain did not contain this toxin. It is suggested that many other organisms produce multiple toxins, and that occasional failures in use of therapeutic sera may be due to absence of some unrecognized antibody. The authors suggest as a possible explanation that these toxins are produced separately by variants of an organism appearing during growth.