The 2016 Fukushima Earthquake and Tsunami: Preliminary research and new considerations for tsunami disaster risk reduction
The 2016 Fukushima Earthquake and Tsunami: Preliminary research and new considerations for tsunami disaster risk reduction
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2016年福岛地震和海啸：海啸灾害风险降低的初步研究和新思考
DOI：
10.1016/j.ijdrr.2016.12.016
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发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
F.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Suppasri;A.;Leelawat;N.;Latcharote;P.;Roeber;V.;Yamashita;K.;Hayashi;A.;Ohira;H.;Fukui;K.;Hisamatsu;A.;Nguyen;D. and Imamura;F.
2016年福岛地震和海啸提出了海啸生成机制和传播以及疏散程序和海啸警报传播等组织应对的几个新问题。本研究以2016年大海啸的经验为基础，对公众关心的问题进行了解释：（1）虽然福岛县与震中很近，但为什么最大的海啸发生在邻近的宫城县？(2)为什么第二波海啸比第一波大？(3)为什么宫城县的海啸警报升级为海啸警报？(4)为什么会发生海啸侵入河流？(5)为什么当地的海啸上升值远高于当地验潮仪广播的海啸振幅？在2011年东日本大地震和海啸之后，本研究还指出了与减少海啸灾害风险有关的遗留问题和新观点。这些措施包括海啸警报和应急管理机构的应急措施，海啸波在海岸附近比在公海更高的事实，以及避免在海啸发生时靠近河流。根据日本在减灾方面的经验，从许多事件中吸取了教训，这些教训可能导致修订和改进目前的预警系统，并为其他国家提供有用的指导方针。
The 2016 Fukushima earthquake and tsunami presented several new issues of tsunami generation mechanism and propagation, as well as of organizational responses such as evacuation procedures and dissemination of tsunami warning. This study focuses on explanations to issues of public interest based on the experiences during the 2016 tsunami: (1) Despite Fukushima Prefecture's proximity to the earthquake's epicenter, why was the largest wave observed in the neighboring Miyagi Prefecture? (2) Why was the second wave of the tsunami larger than the first? (3) Why was the tsunami advisory elevated to a tsunami warning in Miyagi Prefecture? (4) Why did tsunami intrusions into rivers occur? (5) And why were local tsunami runup values much higher than the broadcasted tsunami amplitudes from local tide gauges? In the wake of the 2011 Great East Japan earthquake and tsunami, this study also points out remaining problems and new perspectives related to tsunami disaster risk reduction. These include tsunami warnings and advisories by emergency management agencies, the fact that tsunami waves are higher near the coast than in the open ocean, and refraining from being close to rivers in case of a tsunami. Based to Japan's experiences with disaster mitigation, lessons were learned from numerous events that could lead to revisions and improvements of current warning systems and provide useful guidelines for other countries.