The semantics of direct and indirect discourse
The semantics of direct and indirect discourse
复制标题
直接话语和间接话语的语义
DOI：
10.1080/08351817409370375
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发表时间：
1974
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
A. Wierzbicka
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Wierzbicka
1. 困境的本质 比较两个句子： 约翰说：我是个傻瓜。约翰说他是个傻瓜。显然，它们在语义和句法上密切相关。这种关系的确切性质似乎也很明显：两者的含义几乎相同，而且从语法上来说，第一个比第二个更基本。然而，最近的几项研究表明，经过仔细检查，这个问题——表面上如此简单且没有争议——结果几乎是棘手的。一方面，有人指出，直接版本和间接版本的含义比它们看起来的要遥远得多。如果“John said that he was a Bachelor”（约翰说他是单身汉）这句话，可以视为“John said that he was unmarried”（约翰说他未婚）的同义词。（实际上不可能，但让我们假设它可以），“John said that he was a Bachelor”（我是一个单身汉）这句话，
1. THE ESSENCE OF THE DILEMMA Compare the two sentences: John said: I am a fool. John said that he was a fool. Obviously, they are closely related, semantically and syntactically. The exact nature of this relationship also seems obvious: the two mean virtually the same, and syntactically the first is more basic than the second.However, several recent studies have shown that at closer inspection the problem-apparently so simple and uncontroversial turns out to be almost intractable. For one thing, it has been pointed out that the meanings of the direct and indirect versions are far more distant than they appear to be. If the sentence John said that he was a bachelor, can be taken as synonymous with John said that he was unmarried.,(it cannot really, but let us assume that it can), the sentence John said: I am a bachelor,