Not only annual food abundance but also fallback food quality determines the Japanese macaque density: evidence from seasonal variations in home range size
Not only annual food abundance but also fallback food quality determines the Japanese macaque density: evidence from seasonal variations in home range size
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DOI：
10.1007/s10329-005-0176-2
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发表时间：
2006-07-01
期刊：
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Chijiiwa, Akira
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hanya, Goro;Kiyono, Mieko;Chijiiwa, Akira
以前对日本猕猴(Macaca Fuscata)密度的研究表明，冬季瓶颈时期的总食物丰度和后备食物的质量都会影响密度。我们回顾了关于家养范围大小的季节性变化的数据，以解释这两个因素如何影响密度。总体而言，夏季或秋季栖息地范围较大，春季或冬季栖息地范围较小，表明密度由冬季前季节的栖息地大小决定。这些季节的主要食物是水果和种子。如果这些食物不丰富，猕猴需要在更大的区域内活动，从而降低密度。猕猴通过食用这些高质量的食物，依靠在冬季之前沉积的脂肪存活下来。如果冬季食物条件恶劣，所需脂肪沉积量大，猕猴在冬季之前需要更大的栖息地，因此密度变低。
Previous studies on Japanese macaque (Macaca fuscata) densities suggest that both total annual food abundance and the quality of fallback foods in the winter bottleneck period affects density. We reviewed data on the seasonal changes in home range size to explain how both factors affect density. In general, home range was large in summer or autumn and small in spring or winter, indicating that density is determined by the home range size in the seasons before winter. The main foods in these seasons are fruits and seeds. If these foods are not abundant, macaques need to range over a larger area, thus decreasing density. Macaques survive the winter by depending on the fat deposited before winter through eating these high-quality foods. If the food condition in winter is severe and the amount of required fat deposition is large, macaques nee a larger home range before winter, and thus density becomes lower.