Structural determinants of Smad function in TGF-β signaling.

Structural determinants of Smad function in TGF-β signaling.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.tibs.2015.03.012
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发表时间:
2015-06
影响因子:
13.8
通讯作者:
Massague, Joan
Massague, Joan
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Macias, Maria J.;Martin-Malpartida, Pau;Massague, Joan

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Smad转录因子在信号转导通路中至关重要,该通路介导了转化生长因子-β(TGF -β)细胞因子超家族在后生动物胚胎发育以及成年组织再生和内稳态中的众多作用。尽管Smad蛋白是保守的,但近期的基因组测序项目揭示了它们在后生动物进化、人类多态性以及癌症中的序列变异。对与伴侣蛋白和靶DNA结合的Smads的结构研究为理解这些进化和病理序列变异的意义提供了一个框架。在此,我们综合现有的突变和结构数据,以表明Smads的遗传变异如何影响这些蛋白的结构、调控和功能。此外,我们展示了一个网络应用程序,它可比较Smad序列,并展示Smad蛋白结构及其与疾病相关的变体。
Smad transcription factors are central to the signal transduction pathway that mediates the numerous effects of the TGF-β superfamily of cytokines in metazoan embryo development and adult tissue regeneration and homeostasis. Although Smad proteins are conserved, recent genome-sequencing projects have revealed their sequence variation in metazoan evolution, human polymorphism, and cancer. Structural studies of Smads bound to partner proteins and target DNA provided a framework to understand the significance of these evolutionary and pathologic sequence variations. Here we synthesize the extant mutational and structural data to suggest how genetic variation in Smads may affect the structure, regulation, and function of these proteins. Furthermore, we present a web-app that compares Smad sequences and displays Smad protein structures and their disease-associated variants.
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