Life cycle assessment of a multi-megawatt wind turbine
Life cycle assessment of a multi-megawatt wind turbine
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DOI：
10.1016/j.renene.2008.05.020
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发表时间：
2009-03
期刊：
影响因子：
8.7
通讯作者：
E. Martínez;F. Sanz;S. Pellegrini;E. Jiménez;J. Blanco
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
E. Martínez;F. Sanz;S. Pellegrini;E. Jiménez;J. Blanco
目前，可再生能源对现代社会具有重要意义。这种繁荣的主要原因是需要使用化石燃料的替代能源，这些能源没有二氧化碳排放和污染。在目前的可再生能源中，风力发电场的增长非常引人注目。风力发电利用风的动能来产生清洁形式的能源，而不会产生污染或排放。它提出的问题是量化它在多大程度上是一种完全清洁的能源形式。从这个意义上说，我们不仅要考虑涡轮机运行时产生的排放，还要考虑涡轮机制造过程中产生的污染和环境影响，以及涡轮机在工作寿命结束时的拆卸。这项研究的目的是分析如果我们考虑整个生命周期，这项技术的真实的影响。ISO 14040标准的应用[ISO. ISO 14040。环境管理.生命周期评估.原则和框架。瑞士日内瓦：国际标准化组织; 1998年。]允许我们进行LCA研究，量化风力涡轮机及其每个部件的总体影响。应用这一方法，对风力涡轮机从摇篮到坟墓的生命周期的所有阶段进行分析，涉及其关键部件的制造（通过纳入截止标准）、运输到风力发电场、随后的安装、启动、维护和最后拆卸以及分解成废料及其处理。
At the present moment in time, renewable energy sources have achieved great significance for modern day society. The main reason for this boom is the need to use alternative sources of energy to fossil fuels which are free of CO2emissions and contamination. Among the current renewable energy sources, the growth of wind farms has been spectacular. Wind power uses the kinetic energy of the wind to produce a clean form of energy without producing contamination or emissions. The problem it raises is that of quantifying to what extent it is a totally clean form of energy. In this sense we have to consider not only the emissions produced while they are in operation, but also the contamination and environmental impact resulting from their manufacture and the future dismantling of the turbines when they come to the end of their working life. The aim of this study is to analyse the real impact that this technology has if we consider the whole life cycle. The application of the ISO 14040 standard [ISO. ISO 14040. Environmental management – life cycle assessment – principles and framework. Geneva, Switzerland: International Standard Organization; 1998.] allows us to make an LCA study quantifying the overall impact of a wind turbine and each of its components. Applying this methodology, the wind turbine is analysed during all the phases of its life cycle, from cradle to grave, with regard to the manufacture of its key components (through the incorporation of cut-off criteria), transport to the wind farm, subsequent installation, start-up, maintenance and final dismantling and stripping down into waste materials and their treatment.