Inhibitory control of the dominant language: Reversed language dominance is the tip of the iceberg
Inhibitory control of the dominant language: Reversed language dominance is the tip of the iceberg
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jml.2023.104410
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发表时间：
2023-01-23
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Gollan, Tamar H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Goldrick, Matthew;Gollan, Tamar H.
语言产生理论提出，在多种语言产生的环境中，双语者抑制了主导语言，目的是使两种语言都能平等地使用。这个过程经常超过这个目标，导致一个令人惊讶的模式：在非主导语言和主导语言中表现更好，或者相反的语言优势效应。然而，最近的一项荟萃分析对这一效应在有提示语言转换的单字生成研究中的可靠性提出了挑战。在修正本分析中的错误后，我们发现优势效应在语言混合过程中可靠地减少和逆转。在大声朗读混合语言段落引发的连接言语的产生中也一直有反向支配的报道。当转换时，双语者在打算用主导语言表达单词时，更经常产生翻译等效的入侵错误（例如，说pero而不是but）。我们发现，这种主导语言的脆弱性并不局限于切换出非主导语言，也延伸到非切换词，将连接的语音结果与首次在单图片命名研究中报告的模式联系起来。反向语言优势是一种强大的现象，它反映了双语语言产生中主导语言抑制控制的冰山一角。
Theories of speech production have proposed that in contexts where multiple languages are produced, bilinguals inhibit the dominant language with the goal of making both languages equally accessible. This process often overshoots this goal, leading to a surprising pattern: better performance in the nondominant vs dominant lan-guage, or reversed language dominance effects. However, the reliability of this effect in single word production studies with cued language switches has been challenged by a recent meta-analysis. Correcting for errors in this analysis, we find that dominance effects are reliably reduced and reversed during language mixing. Reversed dominance has also consistently been reported in the production of connected speech elicited by reading aloud of mixed language paragraphs. When switching, bilinguals produced translation-equivalent intrusion errors (e.g., saying pero instead of but) more often when intending to produce words in the dominant language. We show this dominant language vulnerability is not exclusive to switching out of the nondominant language and extends to non-switch words, linking connected speech results to patterns first reported in single-picture naming studies. Reversed language dominance is a robust phenomenon that reflects the tip of the iceberg of inhibitory control of the dominant language in bilingual language production.