The Future of Field Geology, Open Data Sharing and CyberTechnology in Earth Science
The Future of Field Geology, Open Data Sharing and CyberTechnology in Earth Science
复制标题
地球科学领域野外地质学、开放数据共享和网络技术的未来
DOI：
10.2110/sedred.2016.1.4
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
8.5
通讯作者：
B. Tikoff
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Chan;S. Peters;B. Tikoff
沉积梦想沉积野外地质学的理想未来是什么？如果您可以访问已在露头上或甚至在任何空间尺度上在该区域上完成的工作的所有原始数据，会怎么样？如何访问所有在相关领域（结构地质学，地球物理学等）完成的工作？在该地区或网站？点击一个按钮，让任何使用特定露头数据的科学论文立即被访问，怎么样？网络搜索引擎、GPS和可视化平台（如Google Earth）确实改变了我们查找和定位信息的方式，但技术正在帮助我们做更多的事情。地球科学与网络基础设施相结合可以实现突破，使我们能够以变革性的方式应对科学挑战。新技术可以在两个不同但基本上重要的方面帮助野外沉积学家。首先，它们可以完全改变我们进行实地考察的方式。想象一下，在现场使用新一代智能笔记本电脑或手机（具有非常长的电池寿命），可以放在口袋里并自动定位您所在的位置。您可以开始谈论您的观察，同时语音激活程序记录并方便地将您的语言化想法放入数字现场系统中，该系统可以在现场轻松查询，然后从任何设备或计算机访问。手将被释放，以采取样品和照片。这将是很容易点击您的位置与全球定位系统坐标或地图，并有机会获得任何地质信息有关的地点与能力，放大多个尺度。这些信息包括地图、横截面、地层学、地下数据、古生物学鉴定、照片、样本信息、年龄测定、矿物分析、显微图像和其他类型的基于样本的数据。互操作性和开放数据共享将允许在办公室或坐在露头上的多个数据集之间进行数字操作，比较或可视化。其次，技术可以完全改变我们在该领域的工作。我们选择在现场测量的通常是一个人可以携带和使用纸质笔记本做什么的结果。当这种限制被消除时--人们可以直接接触到先前研究的细节，或者得到空中机器人侦察机的帮助--人们就可以开始提出新的和不同的问题。以交互方式访问更多信息可能会：a）改变我们在露头上花费的时间，B）指导我们寻找什么类型或级别的数据或观测结果，以及c）影响我们可能采样的内容。简而言之，它可以帮助我们优先考虑实地考察和数据收集，以最大限度地发挥其科学影响。此外，如果以前的研究和元数据在现场时自动推送到您的设备上，则可能会生成在完成大量工作之前不会以其他方式制定的假设。在我们进行新的观察时与已知的东西进行互动不仅节省时间，而且几乎可以立即增加我们的知识库及其可解释性。
SEDIMENTARY DREAMS What is the ideal future for sedimentary field geology? What if you could access all the original data for work that had been done on an outcrop, or even on the region at any spatial scale? What about accessing all the work done in allied fields (structural geology, geophysics, etc.) on that area or site? How about clicking a button and having any scientific paper that used data from the specific outcrop be immediately accessible? Web search engines, GPS, and visualization platforms, such as Google Earth, have certainly changed the way we find and locate information, but technology is on the cusp of being able to help us do so much more. Earth science combined with cyberinfrastructure can empower breakthroughs to allow us to meet the challenges of our science in transformative ways. New technologies can help the field sedimentologist in two different but fundamentally important ways. First, they can completely change how we conduct fieldwork. Imagine being in the field with a new generation smart notebook or phone (with a very long battery life) that can sit in your pocket and automatically locate where you are. You can start talking about your observations while a voice-activated program records and conveniently puts your verbalized thoughts into a digital field system that can be easily queried while in the field and later accessed from any device or computer. Hands would be free to take samples and photos. It would be easy to click on your locality with the GPS coordinates or a map, and have access to any geological information related to that spot with the ability to zoom across multiple scales. This information includes maps, cross sections, stratigraphy, subsurface data, paleontological identifications, photos, sample information, age dating, mineral analyses, microscopic images, and other types of sample-based data. Interoperability and open data sharing would allow digital manipulations, comparisons, or visualizations across multiple data sets in the office or as you sit on the outcrop. Second, technology can completely change what we work on in the field. What we choose to measure in the field is generally a result of what one person can carry and do with a paper notebook. When that limitation is removed – and one has direct access to the details of prior research, or assistance from airborne robotic scouts – one can start to pose new and different questions. Having access to more information in an interactive way might: a) change how much time we might spend at an outcrop, b) direct what kind or level of data or observations we would look for, and c) influence what we might sample. In short, it might help us prioritize fieldwork and data collection so as to maximize its scientific impact. Moreover, if previous research and metadata were automatically pushed to your device while in the field, it might be possible to generate hypotheses that are not otherwise formulated until a large amount of work has already been done. Interacting with what is known as we make new observations is not only time-saving, but would increase our knowledge base, and its discoverability, almost instantly.