Regional variability in landscape effects on forest bird communities
Regional variability in landscape effects on forest bird communities
复制标题
景观对森林鸟类群落影响的区域变异
DOI：
10.1007/s10980-020-01005-9
复制
发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Eigenbrod F
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Spake R;Soga M;Kawamura K;Cooke RS;Yamaura Y;Eigenbrod F
背景对景观异质性的功能反应是依赖于背景的，阻碍了景观规模保护倡议的可转移性。日本提供了一个独特的机会来测试由于其广泛的温度梯度，与历史干扰强度的梯度重合的区域景观变化的影响。目的量化和了解区域环境如何改变森林鸟类群落对日本各地景观异质性的响应。方法我们从297个森林站点表征了繁殖鸟类群落的功能特征组成和多样性，并应用跨尺度分析框架来解释群落响应的区域差异。结果景观多样性的影响与森林损失一致，其影响的强度和方向在温度梯度上是不同的，甚至是均匀的。日本凉爽的地区拥有高度森林覆盖的同质景观，支持由森林专家主导的鸟类群落：那些栖息地宽度狭窄、食虫性食物较少的鸟类。温暖的地区包括由具有更广泛栖息地宽度的多面手主导的社区，即使是在毗邻的高度森林景观中也是如此。我们的研究结果表明，在过去的环境过滤和大范围气候的驱动下，景观异质性的区域差异导致了日本不同的群落对景观异质性的响应存在区域差异。未来的研究将寻求对景观变量的区域变化的细微差别的理解，这将更好地为现实世界的保护工作提供信息并进行针对性的努力。
ContextFunctional responses to landscape heterogeneity are context-dependent, hampering the transferability of landscape-scale conservation initiatives. Japan provides a unique opportunity to test for regional modification of landscape effects due to its broad temperature gradient, coincident with a gradient of historical disturbance intensity.ObjectivesTo quantify and understand how regional contexts modify forest bird community responses to landscape heterogeneity across Japan.MethodsWe characterised the functional trait composition and diversity of breeding bird communities from 297 forest sites, and applied a cross-scale analytical framework to explain regional variation in community responses.ResultsThe effects of landscape diversity, coincident with forest loss, varied in strength and even direction across the temperature gradient. Cool regions of Japan with highly forested, homogeneous landscapes supported bird communities dominated by forest specialists: those with narrow habitat breadths and insectivorous diets. Warmer regions comprised communities dominated by generalists with wider habitat breadths, even in contiguous, highly forested landscapes. Heterogeneous landscapes selected for generalists, and only promoted functional trait diversity in cool regions where both specialists and generalists can be supplied by a diverse regional pool.ConclusionsOur results provide evidence that regional variation in trait responses to landscape heterogeneity—driven by past environmental filtering and broad-scale climates—leads to differential community responses across Japan. Future research that seeks a nuanced understanding of the regional modification of landscape variables will better serve to inform and target real-world conservation efforts.