Isotope Effects Reveal the Catalytic Mechanism of the Archetypical Suzuki-Miyaura Reaction.

Isotope Effects Reveal the Catalytic Mechanism of the Archetypical Suzuki-Miyaura Reaction.
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DOI:
10.1021/acscatal.1c05802
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发表时间:
2022-03-04
期刊:
影响因子:
12.9
通讯作者:
Vetticatt, Mathew J.
Vetticatt, Mathew J.
中科院分区:
化学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Joshi, Chetan;Macharia, Juliet M.;Izzo, Joseph A.;Wambua, Victor;Kim, Sungjin;Hirschi, Jennifer S.;Vetticatt, Mathew J.

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利用实验和理论 13C 动力学同位素效应 (KIE),从原子角度深入了解 Pd(PPh3)4 催化的芳基卤化物和芳基硼​​酸的 Suzuki-Miyaura 反应的催化机理。在催化条件下,我们确定芳基溴化物会在 12 电子单配位钯络合物 (Pd-(PPh3)) 上发生氧化加成。这是基于连接到溴的碳的实验 KIE (KIEC–Br = 1.020) 和预测的 Pd(PPh3) 络合物氧化加成过渡态 KIEC–Br (1.021) 的一致性。对于芳基碘化物,接近一致的 KIEC-I 约为 1.003,表明催化循环中的第一个不可逆步骤先于氧化加成,并且可能是碘芳烃与 Pd(PPh3) 的结合。我们的结果表明,通常提出的 14 电子 Pd(PPh3)2 配合物的氧化加成只能在存在过量添加配体的情况下或在化学计量条件下发生;在这两种情况下,测量到的实验 KIEC-Br 均为 1.031,这与预测的 Pd(PPh3)2 复合物氧化加成过渡态的 KIEC-Br (1.031) 相同。根据参与金属转移的碳原子的实验 KIE (KIEC-Boron = 1.035) 和 8B4 金属转移过渡态的预测 KIEC-Boron (1.034) 之间的一致性,在催化条件下,金属转移步骤通过具有 Pd-O-B 连接的四配位硼酸酯 (8B4) 中间体进行。
Experimental and theoretical 13C kinetic isotope effects (KIEs) are utilized to obtain atomistic insight into the catalytic mechanism of the Pd(PPh3)4-catalyzed Suzuki-Miyaura reaction of aryl halides and aryl boronic acids. Under catalytic conditions, we establish that oxidative addition of aryl bromides occurs to a 12-electron monoligated palladium complex (Pd-(PPh3)). This is based on the congruence of the experimental KIE for the carbon attached to bromine (KIEC–Br = 1.020) and predicted KIEC–Br for the transition state for oxidative addition to the Pd(PPh3) complex (1.021). For aryl iodides, the near-unity KIEC–I of ~1.003 suggests that the first irreversible step in the catalytic cycle precedes oxidative addition and is likely the binding of the iodoarene to Pd(PPh3). Our results suggest that the commonly proposed oxidative addition to the 14-electron Pd(PPh3)2 complex can occur only in the presence of excess added ligand or under stoichiometric conditions; in both cases, experimental KIEC–Br of 1.031 is measured, which is identical to the predicted KIEC–Br for the transition state for oxidative addition to the Pd(PPh3)2 complex (1.031). The transmetalation step, under catalytic conditions, is shown to proceed via a tetracoordinate boronate (8B4) intermediate with a Pd–O–B linkage based on the agreement between an experimental KIE for the carbon atom involved in transmetalation (KIEC-Boron = 1.035) and a predicted KIEC-Boron for the 8B4 transmetalation transition state (1.034).
DOI: 10.1021/ja8088636
发表时间: 2009-02-18
影响因子: 15
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DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.7b01415
发表时间: 2017-09-01
期刊: ACS CATALYSIS
影响因子: 12.9
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发表时间: 2009-06-17
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DOI: 10.1002/chem.201001911
发表时间: 2011-02-01
影响因子: 4.3
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