Antarctic ozone variability inside the Polar Vortex estimated from balloon measurements
Antarctic ozone variability inside the Polar Vortex estimated from balloon measurements
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根据气球测量估计极地涡旋内的南极臭氧变化
DOI：
10.5194/acp-14-217-2014
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发表时间：
2013
影响因子：
6.3
通讯作者：
H. Ochoa
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Parrondo;M. Gil;M. Yela;B. Johnson;H. Ochoa
抽象的。对南极贝尔格拉诺二号站（南纬78度，西经34.6度）13年的臭氧探测结果进行了分析，以确定该地区平流层臭氧和温度的气候学。在化学臭氧消耗发展期间，该站位于极涡内。每周定期分布图为平流层臭氧演变的季节性特征提供了一个适当的数据库，这在冬季尤其有价值，因为在冬季无法利用卫星和基于太阳辐射的地面仪器。这项工作的重点是根据臭氧损失的严重程度确定的不同层的臭氧损失率变化（8月至10月）及其恢复（11月至12月）。为计算选择的时间窗口涵盖了准线性臭氧减少阶段，大约在第220天（8月中旬）至第273天（9月底）。春季贝尔格拉诺上空臭氧柱总量的减少与气象条件密切相关。最冷的年份臭氧消耗量最大（高达59%），而暖冬的臭氧消耗量则显著降低（20%）。已经发现，在最大损耗发生的层中，总O3损失的约11%发生在阳光到达之前，作为从较低纬度的空气输送到贝尔格拉诺的结果，靠近极涡的边缘，提供了涡旋内部混合的证据。通过比较Belgrano结果与以前获得的南极站（SPS）为相同的高度范围和9年的重叠数据的空间均匀性的漩涡进行了检查。结果表明，SPS的臭氧损失率比Belgrano高出25%以上。这一现象可以从以下两个方面加以解释：（一）空气从纬度较低的极地涡旋边缘附近输送到这两个观测站，在那里，阳光重现得更快，导致臭氧消耗更早;（二）阳光累积时数，春分后南极的阳光累积时数要多得多。根据臭氧洞恢复的变化，发现涡旋破裂的时间与月臭氧含量之间存在明显的联系，12-24公里层臭氧浓度最低值57 DU保持在涡旋持续时间较长的11月，而平流层最终变暖发生“很早”的年份，平均综合臭氧上升了160-180 DU。
Abstract. Thirteen years of ozone soundings at the Antarctic Belgrano II station (78° S, 34.6° W) have been analysed to establish a climatology of stratospheric ozone and temperature over the area. The station is inside the polar vortex during the period of development of chemical ozone depletion. Weekly periodic profiles provide a suitable database for seasonal characterization of the evolution of stratospheric ozone, especially valuable during wintertime, when satellites and ground-based instruments based on solar radiation are not available. The work is focused on ozone loss rate variability (August–October) and its recovery (November–December) at different layers identified according to the severity of ozone loss. The time window selected for the calculations covers the phase of a quasi-linear ozone reduction, around day 220 (mid-August) to day 273 (end of September). Decrease of the total ozone column over Belgrano during spring is highly dependent on the meteorological conditions. Largest depletions (up to 59%) are reached in coldest years, while warm winters exhibit significantly lower ozone loss (20%). It has been found that about 11% of the total O3 loss, in the layer where maximum depletion occurs, takes place before sunlight has arrived, as a result of transport to Belgrano of air from a somewhat lower latitude, near the edge of the polar vortex, providing evidence of mixing inside the vortex. Spatial homogeneity of the vortex has been examined by comparing Belgrano results with those previously obtained for South Pole station (SPS) for the same altitude range and for 9 yr of overlapping data. Results show more than 25% higher ozone loss rate at SPS than at Belgrano. The behaviour can be explained taking into account (i) the transport to both stations of air from a somewhat lower latitude, near the edge of the polar vortex, where sunlight reappears sooner, resulting in earlier depletion of ozone, and (ii) the accumulated hours of sunlight, which become much greater at the South Pole after the spring equinox. According to the variability of the ozone hole recovery, a clear connection between the timing of the breakup of the vortex and the monthly ozone content was found. Minimum ozone concentration of 57 DU in the 12–24 km layer remained in November, when the vortex is more persistent, while in years when the final stratospheric warming took place "very early", mean integrated ozone rose by up to 160–180 DU.