The phospholipid flippase ALA3 regulates pollen tube growth and guidance in Arabidopsis.
The phospholipid flippase ALA3 regulates pollen tube growth and guidance in Arabidopsis.
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DOI：
10.1093/plcell/koac208
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发表时间：
2022-09-27
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花粉管引导调控雌蕊中花粉管的生长方向和胚珠靶向性，是开花植物完成有性繁殖的关键。拟南芥花粉特异性受体激酶(PRK)家族成员PRK3和PRK6是特异的顶端定位蛋白，对花粉管的生长和引导是必不可少的。然而，控制PRKs在花粉管顶端的极性定位的机制尚不清楚。拟南芥P4-ATPase ALA3有助于建立顶端磷脂酰丝氨酸(PS)在花粉管中的极性定位。在这里，我们发现ALA3功能的丧失导致了花粉管生长和胚珠靶向性的缺陷，并显著影响了PRK3和PRK6的极性定位模式。PRK3和PRK6在胞内膜旁区域都含有两个多碱簇，并在体外与PS结合。具有多碱基簇突变的PRK3和PRK6与PS的结合减少或取消，并改变了极性定位模式，它们无法有效补充PRK突变体的花粉管相关表型。这些结果表明，ALA3通过调节PS的分布来影响PRK3、PRK6和其他PRKs的精确定位，而PS在调节花粉管生长和引导方面起着关键作用。氨基磷脂ATPASE 3通过调节阴离子磷脂的分布来引导花粉管，从而影响某些花粉特有的受体激酶在花粉管上的精确定位。
Pollen tube guidance regulates the growth direction and ovule targeting of pollen tubes in pistils, which is crucial for the completion of sexual reproduction in flowering plants. The Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) pollen-specific receptor kinase (PRK) family members PRK3 and PRK6 are specifically tip-localized and essential for pollen tube growth and guidance. However, the mechanisms controlling the polar localization of PRKs at the pollen tube tip are unclear. The Arabidopsis P4-ATPase ALA3 helps establish the polar localization of apical phosphatidylserine (PS) in pollen tubes. Here, we discovered that loss of ALA3 function caused pollen tube defects in growth and ovule targeting and significantly affected the polar localization pattern of PRK3 and PRK6. Both PRK3 and PRK6 contain two polybasic clusters in the intracellular juxtamembrane domain, and they bound to PS in vitro. PRK3 and PRK6 with polybasic cluster mutations showed reduced or abolished binding to PS and altered polar localization patterns, and they failed to effectively complement the pollen tube-related phenotypes of prk mutants. These results suggest that ALA3 influences the precise localization of PRK3, PRK6, and other PRKs by regulating the distribution of PS, which plays a key role in regulating pollen tube growth and guidance. AMINOPHOSPHOLIPID ATPASE3 guides pollen tubes by regulating the distribution of anionic phospholipids to affect the precise localization of certain pollen-specific receptor kinases at pollen tubes.
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