Effects of salinity and pH on ion-transport enzyme activities, survival and growth of Litopenaeus vannamei postlarvae-猫眼课题宝

DOI：

10.1016/j.aquaculture.2007.07.218

发表时间：

2007-12

期刊：

Aquaculture

影响因子：

4.5

通讯作者：

中科院分区：

农林科学1区

文献类型：

--

作者：

L. Pan;Linjuan Zhang;Hong-yu Liu

研究了盐度和pH对凡纳滨对虾仔虾离子转运酶活性、存活和生长的影响。将对虾从盐度31‰和pH 8.1转移到不同盐度水平22、25、28、31(对照)，以及不同pH水平7.1、7.6、8.1(对照)、8.6和9.1。结果表明，盐度和pH的变化显著影响仔鱼的离子转运酶活性和体重增长，而对存活率影响不明显。盐度变化对总ATPase和Na+-K+-ATPase活性影响显著(F&gt；F0.05)，对V-ATPase、HCO3−-ATPase活性影响不显著(F&gt；F0.05)。在盐度变化的48h内，各处理组的ATPase、Na+-K+-ATPase活性随采样时间的延长而逐渐升高，48h达到最大值，然后趋于稳定，与盐度呈负相关。PH变化对ATPase、Na+-K+-ATPase、V-ATPase和HCO3−-ATPase活性影响较大(F&gt；F0.05)，各处理组(pH=7.1、7.6、8.6、9.1)ATPase、Na+-K+-ATPase活性在72h内出现峰值变化，随后趋于稳定，Na+-K+-ATPase活性恢复到对照组水平；同时，V-ATPase和HCO3-−-ATPase活性的变化幅度与pH的变化程度一致，且与pH变化呈负相关，各处理组仔鱼体内的V-−-ATPase和HCO3-−-ATPase活性在24小时后趋于稳定，且这些离子转运酶活性的强弱顺序为：Na+-K+-ATPase&GT；V-ATPase&GT；HCO3-ATPase-ATPase。Na+-K+-ATPase是盐度影响下渗透调节的主要承担者，而V-ATPase和HCO3−-ATPase是pH变化下渗透调节的主要承担者。在不同盐度环境下，凡纳滨对虾幼体Na+-K+-ATPase、V-ATPase和HCO3ATPase对−-ATPase活性的贡献率分别约为62.0-78.0%、15.9-29.0%和2.03-4.12%。同时，在不同pH条件下，这三种ATPase对总ATPase活性的贡献率分别约为50.7-67.4%、21.3-31.8%和2.15-7.90%。转移到盐度31(对照)和28‰的对虾在25和22‰时的增重显著高于饲养的对虾，而转移到pH值8.1(对照)和8.6时的增重显著高于转移到pH值7.1、7.6和9.1的对虾。建议在仔鱼脱盐和培育过程中，盐度变化不应超过3，pH变化不应大于0.5。

Effects of the salinity and pH on ion-transport enzyme activities, survival and growth of Litopenaeus vannamei postlarvae were investigated. Shrimp were transferred from salinity 31‰ and pH 8.1 to different salinity levels of 22, 25, 28, 31 (control), and to different pH levels of 7.1, 7.6, 8.1 (control), 8.6 and 9.1. The results showed ion-transport enzyme activities and weight gains of postlarvae were significantly affected by salinity and pH variation, which had no obvious effect on survival rate. The changing salinity affected the activities of total ATPase and Na+–K+-ATPase notably (F>F0.05), meanwhile, non-significantly to the activities of V-ATPase, HCO3−-ATPase. Within 48 h of salinity changing, the activities of ATPase, Na+–K+-ATPase in each treatment group gradually increased with the sampling time and reached their climax at 48 h, and then stabilized, showing negative correlation with salinity. The changing of pH affected greatly the activities of ATPase, Na+–K+-ATPase, V-ATPase and HCO3−-ATPase (F>F0.05), the activities of ATPase, Na+–K+-ATPase in each treatment group (pH=7.1, 7.6, 8.6, 9.1) showed peak change within 72 h and stabilized afterwards, and the Na+–K+-ATPase activities came back to the level of the control group; Meanwhile the changing extent of V-ATPase and HCO3−-ATPase activity corresponded with the grads of pH, and these ATPase activities showed negative correlation with pH changing, the activities of V-ATPase, HCO3−-ATPase in postlarvae of each treatment group came to stable level after 24 h. The experiment also indicated the strength order of these ion-transport enzyme activities were as follows: Na+–K+-ATPase>V-ATPase>HCO3−-ATPase. Na+–K+-ATPase was the chief undertaker of osmoregulation under the salinity effects, while V-ATPase and HCO3−-ATPase were the chief osmoregulation undertakers under pH changing. In different salinity environment, the contributions of Na+–K+-ATPase, V-ATPase and HCO3−-ATPase of L. vannamei postlarvae approximately accounted for 62.0–78.0%, 15.9–29.0% and 2.03–4.12% of ATPase activities in total, respectively. Meanwhile, in different pH medium, the contributions of these ATPases approximately accounted for 50.7–67.4%, 21.3–31.8% and 2.15–7.90% of total ATPase activities, respectively. Weight gain of shrimp transferred to salinity 31 (control) and 28‰ was significantly higher than that of shrimp reared at 25 and 22‰, and weight gain of shrimp transferred to pH 8.1 (control) and 8.6 was significantly higher that that of shrimp transferred to pH 7.1, 7.6 and 9.1. It was suggested that during the process of desalting and culturing of postlarvae, the salinity changing should not exceed 3 and pH variety not more than 0.5.