The Legal And Ethical Concerns That Arise From Using Complex Predictive Analytics In Health Care
The Legal And Ethical Concerns That Arise From Using Complex Predictive Analytics In Health Care
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DOI：
10.1377/hlthaff.2014.0048
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发表时间：
2014-07-01
期刊：
影响因子：
9.7
通讯作者：
Lo, Bernard
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cohen, I. Glenn;Amarasingham, Ruben;Lo, Bernard
预测分析，或使用电子算法实时预测未来事件，使得利用大数据的力量来改善患者的健康状况并降低医疗保健成本成为可能。然而，这一机遇带来了政策、道德和法律方面的挑战。在本文中，我们分析了在医疗保健环境中实现预测分析的主要挑战，并为克服预测分析模型生命周期的四个阶段提出的挑战提出了广泛的建议：获取数据以构建模型，构建和验证模型，在现实环境中测试模型，以及更广泛地传播和使用它。例如，我们建议模型开发人员在开发的早期阶段实现包括患者和其他涉众的治理结构。此外，应该允许开发人员在没有明确同意的情况下使用已经收集的患者数据，前提是他们遵守有关人类受试者研究和健康信息隐私的联邦法规。
Predictive analytics, or the use of electronic algorithms to forecast future events in real time, makes it possible to harness the power of big data to improve the health of patients and lower the cost of health care. However, this opportunity raises policy, ethical, and legal challenges. In this article we analyze the major challenges to implementing predictive analytics in health care settings and make broad recommendations for overcoming challenges raised in the four phases of the life cycle of a predictive analytics model: acquiring data to build the model, building and validating it, testing it in real-world settings, and disseminating and using it more broadly. For instance, we recommend that model developers implement governance structures that include patients and other stakeholders starting in the earliest phases of development. In addition, developers should be allowed to use already collected patient data without explicit consent, provided that they comply with federal regulations regarding research on human subjects and the privacy of health information.