Pathways to El Norte: Origins, Destinations, and Characteristics of Mexican Migrants to the United States
Pathways to El Norte: Origins, Destinations, and Characteristics of Mexican Migrants to the United States
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1747-7379.2012.00879.x
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发表时间：
2012-03-01
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Massey, Douglas S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Riosmena, Fernando;Massey, Douglas S.
墨西哥移民到美国的地理经历了深刻的变化，无论是其来源构成还是移民选择的目的地。然而，迄今为止，我们对不断变化的移民来源地和目的地在地理上以及最终在结构上如何相互联系知之甚少，因为相对类似的经济结构调整被认为是推动来源地和目的地的变化。在本文中，我们描述了新旧移民网络如何结合起来，推动墨西哥移民的地理扩张。我们使用2006年墨西哥全国人口动态调查的数据，这是一项具有全国代表性的调查，首次收集了调查前5年内去过美国的所有家庭成员的目的地国信息。我们发现，南部和东部各州移民的增长不成比例地受到来自墨西哥中部和东南部非传统原籍地区，特别是农村地区的无证移民的推动。我们认为，美国和墨西哥的经济结构调整不仅对墨西哥移民的规模，而且对墨西哥移民的地理位置产生了深远的影响，开辟了新的地区间流动。
The geography Mexican migration to the U.S. has experienced deep transformations in both its origin composition and the destinations chosen by migrants. To date, however, we know little about how shifting migrant origins and destinations may be linked to each another geographically and, ultimately, structurally as relatively similar brands of economic restructuring have been posited to drive the shifts in origins and destinations. In this paper, we describe how old and new migrant networks have combined to fuel the well-documented geographic expansion of Mexican migration. We use data from the 2006 Mexican National Survey of Population Dynamics, a nationally representative survey that for the first time collected information on U.S. state of destination for all household members who had been to the U.S. during the 5 years prior to the survey. We find that the growth in immigration to southern and eastern states is disproportionately fueled by undocumented migration from non-traditional origin regions located in Central and Southeastern Mexico and from rural areas in particular. We argue that economic restructuring in the U.S. and Mexico had profound consequences not only for the magnitude but also for the geography of Mexican migration, opening up new region-to-region flows.