Efficient perovskite solar cells via improved carrier management
Efficient perovskite solar cells via improved carrier management
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DOI：
10.1038/s41586-021-03285-w
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发表时间：
2021-02-25
期刊：
影响因子：
64.8
通讯作者：
Seo, Jangwon
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Yoo, Jason J.;Seo, Gabkyung;Seo, Jangwon
金属卤化物钙钛矿太阳能电池（PSC）是一种新兴的光伏技术，有可能颠覆成熟的硅太阳能电池市场。在过去的几年里，由于制造方案（1-3）、化学成分（4，5）和相稳定方法（6-10）的发展，器件性能的巨大改进已经使PSC成为最有效和低成本的可溶液加工的光伏技术之一。然而，这些器件的光捕获性能仍然受到过度载流子复合的限制。尽管付出了很多努力，但性能最佳的PSC的性能受到相对较低的填充因子和高开路电压不足（辐射开路电压限值减去高开路电压）的限制（11）。电荷载流子管理的改进与填充因子和开路电压密切相关，因此提供了一条提高PSC器件性能并达到其理论效率极限的途径（12）。在这里，我们报告了一个整体的方法来提高性能的PSC通过增强电荷载体管理。首先，我们通过调整二氧化锡（SnO 2）的化学浴沉积开发具有理想的膜覆盖率、厚度和组成的电子传输层。其次，我们解耦的钝化策略之间的散装和接口，从而改善性能，同时最大限度地减少带隙的惩罚。在正向偏压下，我们的器件表现出高达17.2%的电致发光外量子效率和高达21.6%的电致发光能量转换效率。作为太阳能电池，它们实现了25.2%的认证功率转换效率，对应于其带隙的热力学极限的80.5%。基于太阳能电池的太阳能电池的认证功率转换效率为25.2%，相当于其带隙热力学极限的80.5%，接近硅太阳能电池的水平。
Metal halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are an emerging photovoltaic technology with the potential to disrupt the mature silicon solar cell market. Great improvements in device performance over the past few years, thanks to the development of fabrication protocols(1-3), chemical compositions(4,5) and phase stabilization methods(6-10), have made PSCs one of the most efficient and low-cost solution-processable photovoltaic technologies. However, the light-harvesting performance of these devices is still limited by excessive charge carrier recombination. Despite much effort, the performance of the best-performing PSCs is capped by relatively low fill factors and high open-circuit voltage deficits (the radiative open-circuit voltage limit minus the high open-circuit voltage)(11). Improvements in charge carrier management, which is closely tied to the fill factor and the open-circuit voltage, thus provide a path towards increasing the device performance of PSCs, and reaching their theoretical efficiency limit(12). Here we report a holistic approach to improving the performance of PSCs through enhanced charge carrier management. First, we develop an electron transport layer with an ideal film coverage, thickness and composition by tuning the chemical bath deposition of tin dioxide (SnO2). Second, we decouple the passivation strategy between the bulk and the interface, leading to improved properties, while minimizing the bandgap penalty. In forward bias, our devices exhibit an electroluminescence external quantum efficiency of up to 17.2 per cent and an electroluminescence energy conversion efficiency of up to 21.6 per cent. As solar cells, they achieve a certified power conversion efficiency of 25.2 per cent, corresponding to 80.5 per cent of the thermodynamic limit of its bandgap.An improved device design for perovskite-based photovoltaic cells enables a certified power conversion efficiency of 25.2 per cent, translating to 80.5 per cent of the thermodynamic limit for its bandgap, which approaches those achieved by silicon solar cells.