Mechanosensation and mechanical load modulate the locomotory gait of swimming C-elegans
Mechanosensation and mechanical load modulate the locomotory gait of swimming C-elegans
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DOI：
10.1242/jeb.004572
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发表时间：
2007-07-01
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Samuel, Aravinthan D. T.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Korta, Jeremie;Clark, Damon A.;Samuel, Aravinthan D. T.
动物通过选择适应其周围环境的物理性质的步态在其环境中移动。秀丽隐杆线虫通过流体游泳或爬行表面上传播弯曲波沿着其细长的身体，并提供了一个独特的机会，详细分析运动步态在多个层面，包括运动学，生物力学和分子和生理操作的感觉和运动系统。本文研究了C.在0.05-50 Pa s范围内的粘性流体中的线虫。我们发现，游泳步态的空间形式并没有在这个范围内的粘度和时间频率的游泳步态只减少了约20%，每增加10倍的粘度。因此，C.秀丽线虫以低速游泳，这样它的肌肉组织可以提供比在水中游泳时高近1000倍的机械力和动力。我们发现，突变，破坏机械感觉，或激光杀死特定的触摸感受器神经元，增加起伏步态的时间频率，揭示了一种新的效果，机械感觉输入调节假定的中央模式发生器，产生运动。对C.运动步态的适应性进行了研究。线虫的感觉和运动系统可能被编码，使蠕虫能够在不同的物理环境中对自己的运动做出反应。
Animals move through their environments by selecting gaits that are adapted to the physical nature of their surroundings. The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans swims through fluids or crawls on surfaces by propagating flexural waves along its slender body and offers a unique opportunity for detailed analysis of locomotory gait at multiple levels including kinematics, biomechanics and the molecular and physiological operation of sensory and motor systems. Here, we study the swimming gait of C. elegans in viscous fluids in the range 0.05-50 Pa s. We find that the spatial form of the swimming gait does not vary across this range of viscosities and that the temporal frequency of the swimming gait only decreases by about 20% with every 10-fold increase in viscosity. Thus, C. elegans swims in low gear, such that its musculature can deliver mechanical force and power nearly 1000-fold higher than it delivers when swimming in water. We find that mutations that disrupt mechanosensation, or the laser killing of specific touch receptor neurons, increase the temporal frequency of the undulating gait, revealing a novel effect of mechanosensory input in regulating the putative central pattern generator that produces locomotion. The adaptability of locomotory gait in C. elegans may be encoded in sensory and motor systems that allow the worm to respond to its own movement in different physical surroundings.