The relationship of airways responsiveness to cold air, cigarette smoking, and atopy to respiratory symptoms and pulmonary function in adults.
The relationship of airways responsiveness to cold air, cigarette smoking, and atopy to respiratory symptoms and pulmonary function in adults.
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成人气道对冷空气、吸烟和过敏性反应与呼吸道症状和肺功能的关系。
DOI：
10.1164/arrd.1984.130.2.198
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发表时间：
1984
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
IngramJr,RH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Welty,C;Weiss,ST;Tager,IB;Munoz,A;Becker,C;Speizer,FE;IngramJr,RH
研究人员以 171 名成年人为样本，研究了对低于冰点空气的真碳酸过度通气的反应，所有这些人还完成了呼吸问卷、肺活量测定和皮肤测试。对冷空气挑战的积极响应定义为（（初始 FEV1-挑战后 FEV1/初始 FVC）x 100）大于或等于 9%。吸烟与积极的冷空气反应相关：128 名当前和戒烟者中有 12 名吸烟者 (9.4%)，而 43 名不吸烟者中有 1 名吸烟者 (2.3%) (p = 0.095)。在当前和戒烟者中，对冷空气挑战的积极反应与哮喘显着相关（p = 0.046）。使用逻辑回归模型，当前吸烟和对冷空气的反应都是“持续性喘息”或哮喘存在的重要预测因素。所使用的 4 种环境抗原（豚草、室内灰尘、树木和草）中任何一种的阳性皮肤测试均与吸烟 (p = 0.018) 和花粉症 (当前和戒烟者中 p = 0.003) 显着相关，但与喘息或哮喘无关。尽管在统计上不显着，但冷空气反应者的皮试阳性反应百分比低于无反应者。这项横断面分析的结果表明，在成人中，气道反应性和吸烟都是喘息和哮喘的重要预测因素。此外，数据表明气道高反应性和特应性是独立的特征。然而，在成年人中，这些特征与吸烟（一种常见的环境暴露）有关。
The response to eucapnic hyperventilation with subfreezing air was studied in a population based sample of 171 adults, all of whom also completed a respiratory questionnaire, spirometry, and skin testing. A positive response to the cold air challenge was defined as ((initial FEV1-post- challenge FEV1/initial FVC) x 100) greater than or equal to 9%. Cigarette smoking was associated with a positive cold air response: 12 of 128 current and ex-smokers (9.4%) versus 1 of 43 nonsmokers (2.3%) (p = 0.095). Among current and ex-smokers, a positive response to the cold air challenge was significantly associated with asthma (p = 0.046). Using a logistic regression model, both current smoking and response to cold air were significant predictors of the presence of “persistent wheeze” or asthma. A positive skin test to any of the 4 environmental antigens used (ragweed, housedust, trees, and grasses) was significantly associated with cigarette smoking (p = 0.018) and hay fever(p = 0.003 among current and ex-smokers) but not with wheezing or asthma. Though not statistically significant, cold air responders had a lower percentage of positive skin test reactivity than nonreactors. The findings of this cross-sectional analysis suggest that in adults, both airways responsiveness and cigarette smoking are important predictors of wheezing and asthma. Furthermore, the data suggest that airway hyperresponsiveness and atopy are independent traits. However, in adults, these traits are associated with cigarette smoking, a common environmental exposure.