THE ROLE OF MICROTUBULES IN THE MOVEMENT OF PIGMENT GRANULES IN TELEOST MELANOPHORES
THE ROLE OF MICROTUBULES IN THE MOVEMENT OF PIGMENT GRANULES IN TELEOST MELANOPHORES
复制标题
微管在最古老黑色素细胞中色素颗粒运动中的作用
作者：
D. Murphy;L. Tilney
当硬骨鱼黑色素细胞中的微管被抗有丝分裂剂、秋水仙碱、高静水压、低温和长春碱破坏时，这些细胞中色素颗粒的排列和运动消失;在恢复过程中，排列和运动的恢复在时间和空间上都与微管的重新聚合相对应。此外，在未经处理的黑色素细胞的最近邻距离的分析表明，色素颗粒与微管密切相关。其他结构如微丝、内质网和细胞质基质似乎不参与。因此，我们得出结论，微管决定的对齐，是必不可少的选择性运动的色素颗粒在这些细胞。运动机制的调查表明，微管所需的离心和向心迁移，他们不改变在色素的重新分配过程中的数量或位置。我们的研究结果进一步表明，微管在黑色素细胞的行为作为半稳定的细胞器，通过调查与秋水仙素和静水压力。这些观察和其他观察排除了基于微管聚合和解聚的推拉机制，或者区分两组不同操作的微管的机制。相反，我们认为粒子是通过沿着一排固定的微管滑动而运动的。
When microtubules in teleost melanophores are disrupted with antimitotic agents, colchicine, high hydrostatic pressure, low temperature, and vinblastine, the alignment and movement of the pigment granules in these cells disappear; during recovery, the return of alignment and movement corresponds in both time and space with the repolymerization of microtubules. Furthermore, analysis of nearest neighbor distances in untreated melanophores reveals that pigment granules are closely associated with microtubules. Other structures such as microfilaments, the endoplasmic reticulum, and the cytoplasmic matrix do not appear to be involved. Thus we conclude that microtubules determine the alignment and are essential for the selective movements of the pigment granules in these cells. Investigations of the mechanism of movement show that microtubules are required for both centrifugal and centripetal migrations and that they do not change in number or location during redistribution of pigment. Our results further indicate that microtubules in melanophores behave as semistable organelles as determined by investigation with colchicine and hydrostatic pressure. These observations and others rule out a push-pull mechanism based on the polymerization and depolymerization of microtubules or one which distinguishes two operationally different sets of microtubules. We propose instead that particles move by sliding along a fixed array of microtubules.