Extending urban stocks and flows analysis to urban greenhouse gas emission accounting: A case of Odense, Denmark
Extending urban stocks and flows analysis to urban greenhouse gas emission accounting: A case of Odense, Denmark
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DOI：
10.1111/jiec.13110
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发表时间：
2021-02
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
M. Lanau;Luca Herbert;Gang Liu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Lanau;Luca Herbert;Gang Liu
城市在其建筑环境存量和耐用品的建设阶段以及在其能源和材料流动的运营阶段都会产生温室气体排放。然而，现有的城市温室气体核算方法主要侧重于与能源和物质流动有关的排放，很少考虑城市存量的作用。在本文中，我们将城市存量和流量分析扩展到城市温室气体核算，使用丹麦欧登塞案例的自下而上和高分辨率城市存量和流量信息。我们引入了碳替代值（CRV）的补充指标来计算城市存量中的排放量，并确定2017年欧登塞的CRV为10.7兆吨二氧化碳当量（或人均53公吨），相当于欧登塞13年的运营排放量。通过比较CRV和城市活动中的运营排放，有助于更好地了解城市的碳状况和脱碳机会。这种基于城市代谢的温室气体核算和对储存量的纳入有助于估计发展中国家随着城市储存量继续增加而进一步城市化预计产生的温室气体排放量，并为它们在减排方面实现跨越式发展的潜力提供信息。
Cities generate greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions both in the construction phase of their built environment stocks and durable goods and in their operation phase with energy and material flows. Existing urban GHG accounting methods, however, focus largely on emissions related to energy and material flows and have rarely considered the role of urban stocks. In this article, we have extended urban stocks and flows analysis to urban GHG accounting, using bottom‐up and high‐resolution urban stocks and flows information for a case of Odense, Denmark. We introduced a complementary indicator of carbon replacement value (CRV) to account for emissions embodied in the urban stocks and determined the CRV of Odense as 10.7 megatons of CO2 equivalent (or 53 metric tons per capita) in 2017, equivalent to 13 years of Odense's operational emissions. The comparison between CRV and operational emissions across urban activities facilitates a better understanding of the carbon profile of the city and opportunities for decarbonization. Such urban metabolic based GHG accounting and inclusion of stocks can help to estimate the amount of GHG emissions to be expected from the further urbanization in developing countries as their urban stocks continue to increase and inform their potentials for leapfrogging in emission reduction.