Privileged access to awareness for faces and objects of expertise.
Privileged access to awareness for faces and objects of expertise.
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DOI：
10.1037/xhp0000188
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发表时间：
2016-06
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
T. Stein;Reshanne R. Reeder;M. Peelen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
T. Stein;Reshanne R. Reeder;M. Peelen
人脸的视觉意识受到空间方向的强烈影响：在连续闪光抑制（CFS）下，直立的脸比倒置的脸更快地进入意识。这种对面的反转效果比对许多其他有生命和无生命对象的效果要大。在这里，我们问，这种明显的特定敏感性直立的脸反映了特定的脸检测机制，或者它是否反映了知觉的专业知识更普遍。我们测试了不同程度的汽车专家和面孔专家，并测量了直立和倒置的面孔、汽车和椅子克服CFS并进入意识所需的时间。结果表明，更大的汽车专业知识与CFS下更大的汽车反转效应相关。更好的区分性能和更大的CFS反转效果之间的关系被发现的脸。因此，CFS反转效应由人脸和汽车的感知专业知识调制。这些结果表明，反转效应在有意识的访问是不是唯一的面孔，但同样存在于其他对象的专业知识。更一般地说，我们解释这些研究结果表明，获得意识和范例水平的歧视依赖于部分共享的感知机制。（PsycINFO数据库记录
Access to visual awareness for human faces is strongly influenced by spatial orientation: Under continuous flash suppression (CFS), upright faces break into awareness more quickly than inverted faces. This effect of inversion for faces is larger than for a wide range of other animate and inanimate objects. Here we asked whether this apparently specific sensitivity to upright faces reflects face-specific detection mechanisms or whether it reflects perceptual expertise more generally. We tested car experts who varied in their degree of car and face expertise and measured the time upright and inverted faces, cars, and chairs needed to overcome CFS and break into awareness. Results showed that greater car expertise was correlated with larger car inversion effects under CFS. A similar relation between better discrimination performance and larger CFS inversion effects was found for faces. CFS inversion effects are thus modulated by perceptual expertise for both faces and cars. These results demonstrate that inversion effects in conscious access are not unique to faces but similarly exist for other objects of expertise. More generally, we interpret these findings as suggesting that access to awareness and exemplar-level discrimination rely on partially shared perceptual mechanisms. (PsycINFO Database Record