More Is Not Always Better: Male Incubation in Two Acrocephalus Warblers
More Is Not Always Better: Male Incubation in Two Acrocephalus Warblers
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更多并不总是更好：两只顶头莺的雄性孵化
DOI：
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发表时间：
1995
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
H. Hoi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. Kleindorfer;B. Fessl;H. Hoi
本研究探讨男性和女性的孵化能力在两个一夫一妻制Acrocephalus莺重叠，同样大小的领土和类似的猎物丰度。由于须莺的繁殖时间窗较长，melanopogon）与苇莺A. scirpaceus），需要双亲照顾和低效的孵化成本之间的权衡进行了讨论。每小时的协议和蛋温测量进行了分析方面的四个主要问题：男性和女性的孵化能力，环境参数的作用，孵化成功和男性孵化女性的时间分配的影响。在这两个物种中，雄性每分钟增加蛋温的速度比雌性慢。雄性（20%）或雌性（50%）的每小时孵化百分比无种属差异。环境温度的影响男性孵化只有在胡子莺在赛季初（4月），男性孵化与孵化成功。雄性苇莺在整个繁殖季节表现出每日的时间选择性，在降雨期间增加孵化，与孵化成功率无关。在这两个物种中，雌性通过雄性孵化获得增加觅食时间的直接好处。然而，只有雌性苇莺调整她的孵化时间，以先前的男性孵化。因此，女性苇莺最大限度地提高男性的组成部分，从而减少了总的孵化阶段与高男性的努力，而孵化阶段增加与以上平均男性的努力在须莺。
This study investigates male and female incubation ability in two monogamous Acrocephalus warblers with overlapping, equally sized territories and similar prey abundance. Given the longer breeding time window of the moustached warbler (A. melanopogon) compared with the reed warbler (A. scirpaceus), the trade-off between the need for biparental care and the cost of inefficient incubation is discussed. Hourly protocols and egg temperature measurements were analyzed with regard to four primary questions: male and female incubation ability, the role of environmental parameters, hatching success and the influence of male incubation on female time allocation. In both species, males increase egg temperature per minute at a slower rate than do females. There is no species difference in the percentage of incubation per hour for males (20%) or females (50%). Ambient temperature influences male incubation only in the moustached warbler during the early season (April) when male incubation correlates with hatching success. The male reed warbler shows daily temporal selectivity throughout the breeding season, increased incubation during rainfall, and no correlation with hatching success. In both species, females receive direct benefits of increased foraging time through male incubation. However, only the female reed warbler adjusts her incubation duration to previous male incubation. Thus, female reed warblers maximise the male component and thereby reduce the total incubation phase with high male effort whereas the incubation phase is increased with above average male effort in the moustached warbler.