Ecogeographical rules and the macroecology of food webs
Ecogeographical rules and the macroecology of food webs
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DOI：
10.1111/geb.12925
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发表时间：
2019-09-01
影响因子：
6.4
通讯作者：
Yeakel, Justin D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Baiser, Benjamin;Gravel, Dominique;Yeakel, Justin D.
空间、时间、气候和其他生态驱动因素如何影响食物网结构和动态？收集研究充分的食物网和复制的食物网从同一个系统，跨越地理和生态梯度，现在使详细的，定量的调查这些问题，并帮助整合食物网生态学和宏观生态学。在这里，我们整合宏观生态学和食物网生态学的重点是如何生态地理规则[纬度多样性梯度（LDG），伯格曼的规则，岛屿规则和Rapoport的规则]与食物网的架构。位置全球。当前时间段。主要分类群研究所有分类群。方法我们讨论了每个生态地理学规则的食物网的影响，目前的预测食物网结构将如何与每个规则不同，评估经验支持，并讨论食物网可能会影响生态地理学规则。最后，我们建议进一步推进这一研究议程的系统和方法。结果我们对一些生态地理规则（如LDG，Rapoport规则）得出了可检验的预测，而对其他规则（如，伯格曼和岛屿规则），我们不太清楚食物网在宏观生态尺度上是如何变化的。LDG的基础上，我们发现弱支持食物链长度和纬度之间的积极和消极的关系，并在较高的纬度增加的一般性和连锁密度。根据Rapoport的规则，我们发现支持的预测，物种营业额在食物网是负相关的纬度。主要结论食物网的宏观生态学超越了传统的方法，生物多样性在宏观生态尺度上的物种之间的营养相互作用的重点。收集跨越地理梯度的不同类型生态系统的食物网数据是推进这一研究议程的关键。此外，考虑食物网的相互作用作为一种选择压力，驱动或破坏生态地理规则有可能解决这些宏观生态关系的机制和偏差。因此，进一步整合宏观生态学和食物网将有助于生态学家更好地理解生态系统在空间和时间上的组装、维持和变化。
Aim How do factors such as space, time, climate and other ecological drivers influence food web structure and dynamics? Collections of well-studied food webs and replicate food webs from the same system that span biogeographical and ecological gradients now enable detailed, quantitative investigation of such questions and help integrate food web ecology and macroecology. Here, we integrate macroecology and food web ecology by focusing on how ecogeographical rules [the latitudinal diversity gradient (LDG), Bergmann's rule, the island rule and Rapoport's rule] are associated with the architecture of food webs. Location Global. Time period Current. Major taxa studied All taxa. Methods We discuss the implications of each ecogeographical rule for food webs, present predictions for how food web structure will vary with each rule, assess empirical support where available, and discuss how food webs may influence ecogeographical rules. Finally, we recommend systems and approaches for further advancing this research agenda. Results We derived testable predictions for some ecogeographical rules (e.g. LDG, Rapoport's rule), while for others (e.g., Bergmann's and island rules) it is less clear how we would expect food webs to change over macroecological scales. Based on the LDG, we found weak support for both positive and negative relationships between food chain length and latitude and for increased generality and linkage density at higher latitudes. Based on Rapoport's rule, we found support for the prediction that species turnover in food webs is inversely related to latitude. Main conclusions The macroecology of food webs goes beyond traditional approaches to biodiversity at macroecological scales by focusing on trophic interactions among species. The collection of food web data for different types of ecosystems across biogeographical gradients is key to advance this research agenda. Further, considering food web interactions as a selection pressure that drives or disrupts ecogeographical rules has the potential to address both mechanisms of and deviations from these macroecological relationships. For these reasons, further integration of macroecology and food webs will help ecologists better understand the assembly, maintenance and change of ecosystems across space and time.