A New Approach towards an Understanding of Scaling in the Presence of Polycarboxylates
A New Approach towards an Understanding of Scaling in the Presence of Polycarboxylates
复制标题
理解聚羧酸盐存在下结垢的新方法
DOI：
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发表时间：
2002
影响因子：
1
通讯作者：
J. Rieger
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Rieger
结块（结垢）是由无机盐（如碳酸钙）的沉积引起的，这些无机盐在高温下变得不易溶解。水垢的形成是由于这些物质的沉淀和结晶生长。为了控制这些过程，可以采用几种方法，其中一种是通过使用聚合物来减少或防止结垢-正如在洗衣剂中成功使用聚羧酸盐作为助洗剂所证明的那样。由于沉淀和结晶过程复杂，从分子水平上了解其物理化学机制是开发新型聚合物结垢抑制剂的必要条件。为此，对无机盐的结垢进行了实验研究，重点是时间分辨数据。在碳酸钙过饱和的水中，发现最初会形成尺寸小于100纳米的无定形颗粒。这些颗粒在再结晶之前聚集和/或溶解。在聚羧酸盐存在的情况下进行这些实验，表明可以使用哪些机制来减少/防止结垢。聚羧酸盐分子通过在caco3纳米颗粒周围形成覆盖物来稳定它们，从而阻止它们在表面沉积和再结晶。
Incrustation (scaling) is caused by the deposition of inorganic salts, such as CaCO 3 , which become less soluble at elevated temperatures. The formation of scale is due to the precipitation and crystal growth of such substances. To control these processes, several approaches can be adopted, one being the reduction or prevention of scaling by the use of polymers - as evidenced by the successful use of polycarboxylates as co-builders in laundry detergents. Since the processes of precipitation and crystallization are complex, it is essential to understand the physicochemical mechanisms on a molecular level in order to develop new polymeric incrustation inhibitors. To this end, scaling by inorganic salts was studied experimentally with emphasis on time-resolved data. In water that was supersaturated with CaCO 3 , it was found that, initially, amorphous particles with a size below 100 nm develop. These particles aggregate and/or dissolve - before recrystallizing. Performing these experiments in the presence of polycarboxylates showed which mechanisms could be used to reduce/prevent scaling. The polycarboxylate molecules stabilize the CaCO 3 nanoparticles by forming a cover around them, so impeding deposition onto surfaces and recrystallization.