Handling tRNA introns, archaeal way and eukaryotic way.
Handling tRNA introns, archaeal way and eukaryotic way.
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DOI：
10.3389/fgene.2014.00213
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发表时间：
2014
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Yoshihisa T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Yoshihisa T
内含子存在于所有三个生命王国的各种tRNA基因中。特别是，古细菌和真核生物基因组是tRNA内含子的良好来源，这些内含子被蛋白质剪接机制去除。古细菌和真核生物中大多数含内含子的tRNA基因在其反密码子的3′端一个核苷酸处具有一个所谓的典型位置，而最近的生物信息学研究揭示了特别是在古细菌基因组中不寻常类型的tRNA内含子及其衍生物。从比较基因组学的分析来看，古生菌和真核生物在进化的各个阶段都有明显的tRNA内含子的获得和丢失。从生物化学和细胞生物学的角度对tRNA分子的剪接进行了广泛的研究，在过去的几年中，对真核系统的这种分析提供了有趣的发现。本文对tRNA内含子及其剪接过程的研究进展进行了综述，并对今后需要解决的新老问题进行了阐述。
Introns are found in various tRNA genes in all the three kingdoms of life. Especially, archaeal and eukaryotic genomes are good sources of tRNA introns that are removed by proteinaceous splicing machinery. Most intron-containing tRNA genes both in archaea and eukaryotes possess an intron at a so-called canonical position, one nucleotide 3′ to their anticodon, while recent bioinformatics have revealed unusual types of tRNA introns and their derivatives especially in archaeal genomes. Gain and loss of tRNA introns during various stages of evolution are obvious both in archaea and eukaryotes from analyses of comparative genomics. The splicing of tRNA molecules has been studied extensively from biochemical and cell biological points of view, and such analyses of eukaryotic systems provided interesting findings in the past years. Here, I summarize recent progresses in the analyses of tRNA introns and the splicing process, and try to clarify new and old questions to be solved in the next stages.