Copyright Policymaking as Procedural Democratic Process: A Discourse-Theoretic Perspective on ACTA, SOPA, and PIPA
Copyright Policymaking as Procedural Democratic Process: A Discourse-Theoretic Perspective on ACTA, SOPA, and PIPA
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作为程序民主过程的版权政策制定：ACTA、SOPA 和 PIPA 的话语理论视角
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发表时间：
2012
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通讯作者：
Annemarie Bridy
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作者：
Annemarie Bridy
在Bring in the Nerds：大卫·莱文（David Levine）在《秘密、国家安全和知识产权法的制定》一书中，将两个截然不同的版权政策制定过程并列在一起：一个是产生《反假冒贸易协定》（Anti-Counterfeiting Trade Agreement，ACTA）的封闭的国际过程，另一个是相当开放的国内过程，后者戏剧性地导致了《禁止网络盗版法》（Stop Online Piracy Act，SOPA）和《反假冒贸易知识产权法》（Anti-Counterfeiting IP Act，PIPA）的流产。他认为这两个过程是相互对立的，这是建议《信息自由法》（FOIA）改革的前奏。Levine教授提出的对《信息自由法》的修正案将使国际知识产权政策制定过程接受更大的公众监督，因为该修正案规定了一项获得“外交关系”国家安全信息的合格公共权利，而在ACTA谈判期间，这些信息一直被系统地隐瞒着。这篇文章，为卡多佐艺术和娱乐法杂志的2012年研讨会，“盗版和警务的政治：立法和执行版权法”，是对莱文教授的回应，借鉴了尤尔根·哈贝马斯的程序民主话语理论，以检查ACTA和SOPA/PIPA的决策动态，并评估莱文教授提出的FOIA改革的民主增强潜力。
In Bring in the Nerds: Secrecy, National Security, and the Creation of Intellectual Property Law, David Levine juxtaposes two starkly different copyright policymaking processes: the closed international process that produced the Anti-Counterfeiting Trade Agreement (ACTA) and the relatively open domestic process that led quite dramatically to the scuttling of the Stop Online Piracy Act (SOPA) and the PROTECT IP Act (PIPA). He reads the two processes against each other as a prelude to recommending Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) reform. The amendment to FOIA that Professor Levine proposes would open the international IP policymaking process to greater public scrutiny by creating a qualified public right to “foreign relations” national security information, which was systematically withheld from the public during the ACTA negotiations. This article, prepared for the Cardozo Arts and Entertainment Law Journal’s 2012 Symposium, “Piracy and the Politics of Policing: Legislating and Enforcing Copyright Law,” is a response to Professor Levine that draws on Jurgen Habermas’ discourse theory of procedural democracy to examine the policymaking dynamics of ACTA and SOPA/PIPA and to assess the democracy-enhancing potential of the FOIA reform Professor Levine proposes.