Social Perception in Children with Autism: An Attentional Deficit?
Social Perception in Children with Autism: An Attentional Deficit?
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DOI：
10.1023/a:1025898314332
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发表时间：
1997-06
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
K. Pierce;K. Glad;L. Schreibman
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
K. Pierce;K. Glad;L. Schreibman
研究表明，自闭症儿童的注意力缺陷可能与社会功能障碍有关（例如，Courchesne et al., 1994a, 1994b；Lewy & Dawson, 1992；Schreibman & Lovaas, 1973）。在本次调查中，14 名自闭症儿童、14 名智障儿童和 14 名正常儿童参与了一项旨在调查社交线索数量对解释社交情境能力的影响的研究。向参与者展示了儿童互动的录像片段，其中导致正确解释故事的线索数量从一到四个不等（即语气、内容、非语言或与物体的非语言）。然后向受试者提出一系列复杂程度不同的问题。总体而言，结果表明，自闭症儿童在一般注意力问题（即识别互动者的数量和性别）和与包含一个线索的故事相关的社会感知问题上，表现与两组比较对象一样好。然而，在与包含多个线索的故事相关的社会认知问题上，自闭症儿童的表现比两个对照组都要差。结果根据自闭症注意力功能障碍假说进行讨论。
Research suggests that the attentional deficits found in children with autism may be related to impairments in social functioning (e.g., Courchesne et al., 1994a, 1994b; Lewy & Dawson, 1992; Schreibman & Lovaas, 1973). In the present investigation, 14 children with autism, 14 mentally handicapped, and 14 typically functioning children participated in a study designed to investigate the effects of number of social cues on the ability to interpret social situations. Participants were shown videotaped vignettes of child–child interactions in which the number of cues leading to the correct interpretation of the story varied from one to four (i.e., tone, content, nonverbal, or nonverbal with object). Subjects were then asked a series of questions which varied in degree of complexity. Overall, results indicated that children with autism performed as well as both groups of comparison subjects on general attention questions (i.e., identification of number and gender of interactants) and social perception questions relating to stories containing one cue. However, children with autism performed more poorly than both comparison groups on social perception questions relating to stories containing multiple cues. Results are discussed in terms of an attentional dysfunction hypothesis of autism.