Hearing in laboratory animals: strain differences and nonauditory effects of noise.
Hearing in laboratory animals: strain differences and nonauditory effects of noise.
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DOI：
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发表时间：
2005-02
影响因子：
0.8
通讯作者：
J. Turner;Jennifer L. Parrish;L. Hughes;L. Toth;D. Caspary
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Turner;Jennifer L. Parrish;L. Hughes;L. Toth;D. Caspary
实验动物的听力一直是听觉研究人员的研究领域。然而，听力损失和暴露在各种环境声音中会导致多个器官系统的变化，使实验室动物听到的东西对研究人员来说具有重要意义，而不仅仅是那些对听力感兴趣的人。例如，几个常用于生物医学研究的近交系小鼠(如C57BL/6、DBA/2和BALB/c)经历了由基因决定的进行性听力损失，这可能导致从脑神经化学到社会行为等系统的继发性变化。研究人员和实验动物设施的工作人员都应该意识到听力的品系和物种差异，以便最大限度地减少他们研究中的潜在混杂变量，并帮助解释数据。与遗传差异无关，实验动物设施中的噪音水平可以对居民产生相当大的影响。大量文献描述了噪声对不同品系和物种的实验动物的生物学和行为的非听觉影响。噪声暴露的广泛系统影响包括内分泌和心血管功能的变化、睡眠-觉醒周期紊乱、癫痫易感性和一系列行为变化。这些变化部分由物种和品系决定，部分由噪声强度水平、持续时间、可预测性和声音的其他特征决定，部分由动物历史和暴露环境决定。本文综述了听觉中的一些基本菌株和物种差异，并概述了声环境如何影响不同的哺乳动物。
Hearing in laboratory animals is a topic that traditionally has been the domain of the auditory researcher. However, hearing loss and exposure to various environmental sounds can lead to changes in multiple organ systems, making what laboratory animals hear of consequence for researchers beyond those solely interested in hearing. For example, several inbred mouse strains commonly used in biomedical research (e.g., C57BL/6, DBA/2, and BALB/c) experience a genetically determined, progressive hearing loss that can lead to secondary changes in systems ranging from brain neurochemistry to social behavior. Both researchers and laboratory animal facility personnel should be aware of both strain and species differences in hearing in order to minimize potentially confounding variables in their research and to aid in the interpretation of data. Independent of genetic differences, acoustic noise levels in laboratory animal facilities can have considerable effects on the inhabitants. A large body of literature describes the nonauditory impact of noise on the biology and behavior of various strains and species of laboratory animals. The broad systemic effects of noise exposure include changes in endocrine and cardiovascular function, sleep-wake cycle disturbances, seizure susceptibility, and an array of behavioral changes. These changes are determined partly by species and strain; partly by noise intensity level, duration, predictability, and other characteristics of the sound; and partly by animal history and exposure context. This article reviews some of the basic strain and species differences in hearing and outlines how the acoustic environment affects different mammals.