OBSERVATIONS ON THE PENETRATION OF THE SPERM INTO THE MAMMALIAN EGG
OBSERVATIONS ON THE PENETRATION OF THE SPERM INTO THE MAMMALIAN EGG
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DOI：
10.1071/bi9510581
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发表时间：
1951-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
AUSTIN, CR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
AUSTIN, CR
对文献的回顾表明，迄今为止提出的哺乳动物卵子体外受精的证据并不确凿。对交配大鼠在诱导排卵后每隔一段时间回收的卵子的观察表明，精子穿透透明带的速度非常快，通常在排卵后很快。通常情况下，精子通过卵泡后立即进入卵黄，但通常在进入卵黄之前，精子会在卵黄周隙停留一段时间。精子在穿透透明带时形成的缝隙或潜在的洞仍然存在，并可能在以后的阶段得到证明。已经在体外观察到精子进入卵黄；这一过程似乎在很大程度上是卵黄的功能，因为当时精子通常是静止的。当在排卵前将精子注入兔子的输卵管时，随后回收的大部分卵子都受精了。然而，如果精子在排卵后不久被引入，卵子很少显示出穿透的迹象。当精子在排卵后不久被引入大鼠的卵巢周围囊中时，精子直到4小时或更长时间后才出现穿透，尽管在2小时及更晚的时候经常在卵子周围发现精子。因此，精子必须在女性体内停留一段时间，才能穿透卵泡带。对这些结果和观察结果进行了讨论，目的是得出一个关于精子穿过透明带的机制的工作假说。
A review of the literature suggests that the evidence so far put forward for fertilization in vitro of mammalian eggs is inconclusive. Observations on eggs recovered at intervals after induced ovulation in mated rats indicate that sperm penetration of the zona pellucida occurs very rapidly and, generally, very soon after ovulation. As a rule, the sperm enters the vitellus immediately after passing through the zona, but quite often it remains for a period in the perivitelline space before entering the vitellus. The slit or potential hole the sperm makes in penetrating the zona persists and may be demonstrated at later stages. Sperm entry into the vitellus has been observed in vitro; the process appears to be largely a function of the vitellus as the sperm is often motionless at the time. When sperms were introduced into the fallopian tube of the rabbit before ovulation, most of the eggs subsequently recovered were fertilized. However, if the sperms were introduced shortly after ovulation the eggs rarely showed signs of penetration. When sperms were introduced into the peri-ovarian sac of the rat shortly after ovulation, sperm penetration did not occur until 4 or more hours later, although sperms were regularly found about the eggs at 2 hours and later. It appears therefore that the sperm must spend some time in the female tract before it is capable of penetrating the zona. These results and observations are discussed with the object of deriving a working hypothesis on the mechanism of sperm penetration through the zona pellucida.