Electrophysiological markers of cochlear function correlate with hearing-in-noise performance among audiometrically normal subjects
Electrophysiological markers of cochlear function correlate with hearing-in-noise performance among audiometrically normal subjects
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DOI：
10.1152/jn.00016.2020
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发表时间：
2020-08-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Maison, Stephane F.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Grant, Kelsie J.;Mepani, Anita M.;Maison, Stephane F.
因暴露在噪音中而导致的听力损失。耳毒性药物，或衰老是由于感觉细胞的丧失，如听力阈值升高所反映的。动物研究表明，毛细胞的丧失可能先于听神经外周突触的丧失，这可能会降低听觉处理能力。而这种被称为耳蜗性突触的疾病，可以通过降低阈值以上的耳蜗神经反应来在小鼠身上诊断。它在人类身上的诊断仍然具有挑战性。为了寻找正常听力受试者耳蜗神经损伤的证据，我们测量了他们在困难的听力环境中的单词识别能力，并将其与耳声发射和短声诱发耳蜗术评估的耳蜗功能进行了比较。几个耳蜗电标记与单词得分相关，而失真产物耳声发射则不相关。具体地说。词汇成绩最差者，总和电位(SP)较大，耳蜗神经动作电位(AP)较小。增加前向掩蔽物或增加刺激率会减少表现最差的人的SP，这表明这种潜力包括突触后成分和毛细胞受体潜力。结果表明，听力正常的听者在单词得分上的一些差异是由耳蜗神经损伤引起的。新和值得注意的最近动物研究表明，数百万人可能面临耳蜗性突触的永久性损伤的风险，耳蜗性突触是隐藏在正常听力图后面的内耳神经连接的年龄相关和噪音诱导的退化。这项研究考察了一大批听力正常的受试者对滴答声的电生理反应。由此产生的与单词识别成绩的相关性与耳蜗神经损伤对噪声能力中听力障碍的重要贡献是一致的。
Hearing loss caused by noise exposure. ototoxic drugs, or aging results from the loss of sensory cells, as reflected in audiometric threshold elevation. Animal studies show that loss of hair cells can be preceded by loss of auditory-nerve peripheral synapses, which likely degrades auditory processing. While this condition, known as cochlear synaptopathy, can be diagnosed in mice by a reduction of suprathreshold cochlear neural responses. its diagnosis in humans remains challenging. To look for evidence of cochlear nerve damage in normal hearing subjects, we measured their word recognition performance in difficult listening environments and compared it to cochlear function as assessed by otoacoustic emissions and click-evoked electrocochleography. Several electrocochleographic markers were correlated with word scores, whereas distortion product otoacoustic emissions were not. Specifically. the summating potential (SP) was larger and the cochlear nerve action potential (AP) was smaller in those with the worst word scores. Adding a forward masker or increasing stimulus rate reduced SP in the worst performers, suggesting that this potential includes postsynaptic components as well as hair cell receptor potentials. Results suggests that some of the variance in word scores among listeners with normal audiometric threshold arises from cochlear neural damage.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Recent animal studies suggest that millions of people may be at risk of permanent impairment from cochlear synaptopathy, the age-related and noise-induced degeneration of neural connections in the inner ear that "hides" behind a normal audiogram. This study examines electrophysiological responses to clicks in a large cohort of subjects with normal hearing sensitivity. The resultant correlations with word recognition performance are consistent with an important contribution cochlear neural damage to deficits in hearing in noise abilities.