Locomotor patterns in cerebellar ataxia
Locomotor patterns in cerebellar ataxia
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DOI：
10.1152/jn.00275.2014
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发表时间：
2014-12-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Lacquaniti, F.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Martino, G.;Ivanenko, Y. P.;Lacquaniti, F.
一些研究已经证明了小脑共济失调（CA）如何影响步态，导致多关节协调和稳定性的缺陷。然而，小脑的病变如何影响运动肌肉模式的产生仍然不清楚。为了更好地了解CA对运动输出的影响，在这里，我们研究了CA步态的生物力学的腿部肌肉活动和损伤的时空结构的特质特征。为此，我们记录了12条单侧下肢肌肉的肌电图（EMG）活动，并分析了19名共济失调患者和20名年龄匹配的健康受试者在地上行走时的运动学和动力学参数。在CA的步态神经肌肉控制的特点是一个相当大的扩大肌电图爆发和显着的时间转移中心的活动，由于整体增强的肌肉激活后期摆动和中期的立场。患者也表现出显着的变化，在节间协调，异常瞬态的垂直地面反作用力和不稳定的四肢负荷在脚跟罢工。观察到的EMG模式和足部负荷异常与病理学严重程度[国际共济失调评定量表（ICARS），临床共济失调量表]和生物力学输出变化相关。这些发现为小脑在优化肌肉活动爆发持续时间和运动过程中控制适当的足部负荷方面的生理作用提供了新的见解。
Several studies have demonstrated how cerebellar ataxia (CA) affects gait, resulting in deficits in multijoint coordination and stability. Nevertheless, how lesions of cerebellum influence the locomotor muscle pattern generation is still unclear. To better understand the effects of CA on locomotor output, here we investigated the idiosyncratic features of the spatiotemporal structure of leg muscle activity and impairments in the biomechanics of CA gait. To this end, we recorded the electromyographic (EMG) activity of 12 unilateral lower limb muscles and analyzed kinematic and kinetic parameters of 19 ataxic patients and 20 age-matched healthy subjects during overground walking. Neuromuscular control of gait in CA was characterized by a considerable widening of EMG bursts and significant temporal shifts in the center of activity due to overall enhanced muscle activation between late swing and mid-stance. Patients also demonstrated significant changes in the intersegmental coordination, an abnormal transient in the vertical ground reaction force and instability of limb loading at heel strike. The observed abnormalities in EMG patterns and foot loading correlated with the severity of pathology [International Cooperative Ataxia Rating Scale (ICARS), a clinical ataxia scale] and the changes in the biomechanical output. The findings provide new insights into the physiological role of cerebellum in optimizing the duration of muscle activity bursts and the control of appropriate foot loading during locomotion.