"Live High-Train Low and High" Hypoxic Training Improves Team-Sport Performance
"Live High-Train Low and High" Hypoxic Training Improves Team-Sport Performance
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DOI：
10.1249/mss.0000000000000630
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发表时间：
2015-10-01
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Girard, Olivier
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Brocherie, Franck;Millet, Gregoire P.;Girard, Olivier
目的：本研究旨在调查 32 名精英男子团队运动运动员在常压缺氧（2800-3000 m 处 14 hd(-1)）下进行 14 天的实时高训练低速（LHTL）训练并结合重复冲刺训练（六次训练，每组 5 x 5 秒冲刺，25 秒被动恢复）或在常压缺氧条件下进行身体表现和血液学变化。 3000 m（LHTL + RSH，即 LHTLH；n = 11）或常氧（LHTL + RSN，即 LHTL；n = 12）与受控活低训练低（LLTL；n = 9）训练相比。方法：干预前（Pre）、干预后立即（Post-1）和干预后 3 周（Post-2），重复测量血红蛋白质量（Hb(mass)） [优化的一氧化碳（CO）再呼吸方法]，以及垂直跳跃、重复冲刺（8 x 20 m-20 s 恢复）和溜溜球间歇恢复 2 级（YYIR2）表现进行了测试。结果：两个缺氧组在 Post-1 和 Post-2 时的 Hb（质量）均较 Pre 相似增加（LHTLH：+4.0%，P < 0.001 和+2.7%，P < 0.01；LHTL：+3.0% 和 +3.0%，均 P < 0.001），而 LLTL 没有变化。与 Pre 相比，Post-1 时 YYIR2 表现提高了约 21%（P < 0.01），Post-2 时提高了约 45%（P < 0.001），两个干预组之间没有差异（相对于 LLTL 没有变化）。从 Pre 到 Post-1，LHTLH（-3.6%，P < 0.001）和 LHTL（-1.9%，P < 0.01）的累积冲刺时间减少，但 LLTL 没有（-0.7%），并且仅在 LHTLH 的 Post-2 中（-3.5%，P < 0.001）仍然显着减少。垂直弹跳表现没有变化。结论：现场高训练低氧和高氧低氧训练，并穿插14天（赛季中）反复缺氧冲刺，可提高精英田径团体运动运动员的Hb（质量）、YYIR2表现和反复冲刺能力，干预后效果至少持续3周。
Purpose: This study aims to investigate physical performance and hematological changes in 32 elite male team-sport players after 14 d of live high-train low (LHTL) training in normobaric hypoxia (14 hd(-1) at 2800-3000 m) combined with repeated-sprint training (six sessions of four sets of 5 x 5-s sprints with 25 s of passive recovery) either in normobaric hypoxia at 3000 m (LHTL + RSH, namely, LHTLH; n = 11) or in normoxia (LHTL + RSN, namely, LHTL; n = 12) compared with controlled live low-train low (LLTL; n = 9) training.Methods: Before (Pre), immediately after (Post-1), and 3 wk after (Post-2) the intervention, hemoglobin mass (Hb(mass)) was measured in duplicate [optimized carbon monoxide (CO) rebreathing method], and vertical jump, repeated-sprint (8 x 20 m-20 s recovery), and Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery level 2 (YYIR2) performances were tested.Results: Both hypoxic groups similarly increased their Hb(mass) at Post-1 and Post-2 in reference to Pre (LHTLH: +4.0%, P < 0.001 and +2.7%, P < 0.01; LHTL: +3.0% and +3.0%, both P < 0.001), whereas no change occurred in LLTL. Compared with Pre, YYIR2 performance increased by approximate to 21% at Post-1 (P < 0.01) and by approximate to 45% at Post-2 (P < 0.001), with no difference between the two intervention groups (vs no change in LLTL). From Pre to Post-1, cumulated sprint time decreased in LHTLH (-3.6%, P < 0.001) and LHTL (-1.9%, P < 0.01), but not in LLTL (-0.7%), and remained significantly reduced at Post-2 (-3.5%, P < 0.001) in LHTLH only. Vertical jump performance did not change.Conclusions: Live high-train low and high hypoxic training interspersed with repeated sprints in hypoxia for 14 d (in season) increases the Hb(mass), YYIR2 performance, and repeated-sprint ability of elite field team-sport players, with benefits lasting for at least 3 wk postintervention.