Nanoparticle scaffolds for syngas-fed solid oxide fuel cells
Nanoparticle scaffolds for syngas-fed solid oxide fuel cells
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DOI：
10.1039/c4ta06029f
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发表时间：
2015-01-01
影响因子：
11.9
通讯作者：
Brandon, Nigel
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Boldrin, Paul;Ruiz-Trejo, Enrique;Brandon, Nigel
将纳米颗粒结合到诸如固体氧化物燃料电池（SOFC）的装置中可以提供诸如更高的表面积或对微结构的更精细控制的益处。然而，它们与诸如丝网印刷的传统制造技术一起使用是有问题的。在这里，我们表明，将较大的商业颗粒与纳米颗粒混合，可以使用传统的油墨配方和丝网印刷，同时仍然提供纳米颗粒的优点，如增加的孔隙率和降低的烧结温度。通过用硝酸镍溶液浸渍氧化铈-氧化钆（CGO）支架制备SOFC阳极。支架由含有水热合成的纳米颗粒CGO、商业CGO和聚合物成孔剂的混合物的油墨生产。支架在1000或1300摄氏度下进行热处理，并且机械稳定。原位超小X射线散射（USAXS）显示纳米颗粒开始在900-1000摄氏度左右烧结。通过USAXS和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）分析表明，低温热处理的支架具有较高的孔隙率。浸渍的支架被用来生产对称的细胞，与较低的温度热处理的支架显示出改善的气体扩散，但较差的电荷转移。使用这些支架，较低温度热处理的Ni-CGO/200 μ m YSZ/CGO-LSCF电池在700 ℃（及以下）的氢气中表现更好，并且在所有温度下使用合成气表现更好，在800 ℃时功率密度高达0.15 W cm（-2）。这种方法有可能允许使用更广泛的材料和更精细的控制微观结构。
Incorporation of nanoparticles into devices such as solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) may provide benefits such as higher surface areas or finer control over microstructure. However, their use with traditional fabrication techniques such as screen-printing is problematic. Here, we show that mixing larger commercial particles with nanoparticles allows traditional ink formulation and screen-printing to be used while still providing benefits of nanoparticles such as increased porosity and lower sintering temperatures. SOFC anodes were produced by impregnating ceria-gadolinia (CGO) scaffolds with nickel nitrate solution. The scaffolds were produced from inks containing a mixture of hydrothermally-synthesised nanoparticle CGO, commercial CGO and polymeric pore formers. The scaffolds were heat-treated at either 1000 or 1300 degrees C, and were mechanically stable. In situ ultra-small X-ray scattering (USAXS) shows that the nanoparticles begin sintering around 900-1000 degrees C. Analysis by USAXS and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that the low temperature heat-treated scaffolds possessed higher porosity. Impregnated scaffolds were used to produce symmetrical cells, with the lower temperature heat-treated scaffolds showing improved gas diffusion, but poorer charge transfer. Using these scaffolds, lower temperature heat-treated cells of Ni-CGO/200 mu m YSZ/CGO-LSCF performed better at 700 degrees C (and below) in hydrogen, and performed better at all temperatures using syngas, with power densities of up to 0.15 W cm(-2) at 800 degrees C. This approach has the potential to allow the use of a wider range of materials and finer control over microstructure.