Nano/subnano-tuning of porous ceramic membranes for molecular separation
Nano/subnano-tuning of porous ceramic membranes for molecular separation
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DOI：
10.1007/s10971-008-1712-5
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发表时间：
2008-03
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
T. Tsuru
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
T. Tsuru
在溶胶-凝胶工艺中，多孔陶瓷膜可以通过溶胶涂覆多孔基底并干燥以用于凝胶化，随后通过烧制工艺来制备。通过溶胶-凝胶法制备的陶瓷膜可分为无定形材料如二氧化硅和结晶材料如氧化铝和二氧化钛。可以通过聚合物溶胶路线制备的无定形二氧化硅网络具有允许小分子如氦和氢渗透的超微孔。另一方面，晶体材料，主要是通过溶胶路线制备的，具有在一至几纳米范围内的纳米尺寸的孔。本文综述了溶胶-凝胶法制备的孔径在亚纳米到纳米范围内的SiO2和TiO 2膜的制备方法及其在气液分离中的应用。通过对膜结构（孔径、孔径分布、厚度、孔形状等）的精确控制，可以获得高性能的陶瓷膜以及膜材料（SiO2、TiO 2、复合氧化物、杂化材料等）。多孔陶瓷膜的纳米/亚纳米调控对于提高膜的渗透性和选择性具有重要意义。
In sol–gel processing, porous ceramic membranes can be prepared by sol-coating porous substrates and drying for gelling, followed by a firing process. Ceramic membranes prepared by sol–gel processing can be categorized into amorphous materials such as silica, and crystalline materials such as alumina and titania. Amorphous silica networks, which can be prepared by the polymeric sol route, have ultra-microporous pores that allow small molecules such as helium and hydrogen to permeate. On the other hand, crystalline materials, which are mostly prepared by the colloidal sol route, have nano-sized pores in the range of one to several nanometers. In this article, sol–gel derived SiO2and TiO2membranes with controlled pore sizes in the range of sub-nano to nanometers will be reviewed with respect to membrane preparation and to their application in the separation of the gas and liquid phases. Ceramic membranes with high performance can be obtained by precise control of membrane structures (pore size, pore size distribution, thickness, pore shape, etc.) and membrane materials (SiO2, TiO2, composite oxide, hybrid materials, etc.). Nano/subnano-tuning of porous ceramic membranes is quite important for the improvement of membrane permeability and selectivity.