Does Promoting Elderly Employment Hurt Young Japanese Workers?
Does Promoting Elderly Employment Hurt Young Japanese Workers?
复制标题
促进老年人就业会伤害日本年轻工人吗？
DOI：
10.1093/ssjj/jyx022
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发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
KONDO Ayako
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
安藤道人;Daiji Kawaguchi and Ayako Kondo;安藤道人;Ayako Kondo;高久玲音;Ayako Kondo and Masahiro Shoji;安藤道人;Kondo Ayako;安藤道人;安藤道人;Ayako Kondo and Hitoshi Shigeoka;KONDO Ayako
在劳动年龄人口减少的情况下，促进老年人就业成为日本的重要政策目标。在日本，老年劳动者的劳动力供给相当高1，因此，主要的问题是老年劳动者的需求不足。在21世纪初，政府实施了两项重要的政策变化--逐步提高领取养老金的年龄，并规定在领取养老金的年龄之前必须继续就业。因此，60岁以上人口的就业率大幅上升，人们担心年轻劳动者可能被排挤。虽然日本的青年失业率很低，2但在大公司正式就业的机会仍然有限。3这导致人们担心，老年工人在达到领取养恤金资格年龄之前保持就业的义务可能会导致正规就业系统雇用的年轻正规工人人数减少。这将使正规就业制度积累的经验无效，年轻一代的人力资本减少，最终损害日本未来劳动力的生产率。
Given the shrinking working-age population, promoting elderly employment is an important policy goal in Japan. Since the labor supply of elderly workers is quite high in Japan 1; the major issue is the lack of demand for elderly workers. In the 2000s, the government implemented two important policy changes—a gradual rise of the pension eligibility age and an obligation of continued employment up until the pension eligibility age. As a result, the employment rate of the population aged 60 years and older has increased substantially.Concerns have emerged around the fact of younger workers possibly being crowded out. Although youth unemployment is low in Japan, 2 the opportunities for regular employment at large companies are still limited. 3 This has led to worries that the obligation upon older workers to maintain employment until the pension eligibility age may contribute to a reduction in the number of young regular workers hired into the regular employment system. This would impoverish the accumulated experience within the regular employment system, diminishing the human capital of the younger generations, and ultimately hurting the productivity of Japan’s labor force in the future.