Parasite genetic differentiation by habitat type and host species: molecular epidemiology of Schistosoma japonicum in hilly and marshland areas of Anhui Province, China
Parasite genetic differentiation by habitat type and host species: molecular epidemiology of Schistosoma japonicum in hilly and marshland areas of Anhui Province, China
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1365-294x.2009.04181.x
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发表时间：
2009-05-01
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Webster, Joanne P.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rudge, James W.;Lu, Da-Bing;Webster, Joanne P.
日本血吸虫是一种对中国部分地区和东南亚地区的公共卫生具有重要意义的寄生虫，是一种真正的多面性病原体，40 多种哺乳动物被怀疑为最终宿主。为了表征跨宿主物种的寄生虫基因流水平并确定最重要的人畜共患宿主，从中国安徽省两种截然不同的栖息地类型的一系列最终宿主物种中采集了日本血吸虫幼虫（miracidia）样本：低洼沼泽地区和丘陵地区，预计动物宿主种群可能存在很大差异。使用七个多重微卫星标记对 Miracidia 样本进行基因分型。层次F统计和聚类分析揭示了安徽省日本血吸虫种群的显着地理结构，栖息地类型之间存在强烈的寄生虫遗传分化。在大多数村庄内，宿主物种之间的寄生虫遗传差异非常小或没有，这表明日本血吸虫基因流动频繁，因此也存在跨物种传播。此外，这些数据提供了新的分子证据，表明啮齿动物和狗是丘陵地区潜在非常重要的感染宿主，与沼泽地区的牛相比。因此，栖息地类型之间的寄生虫遗传差异可能与不同的宿主储存库有关。在同域地区的宿主物种中观察到的高水平寄生虫基因流对于日本血吸虫的控制具有重要意义，特别是在控制野生啮齿动物种群感染可能具有挑战性的山区。
Schistosoma japonicum, a parasite of significant public health importance in parts of China and Southeast Asia, is a true generalist pathogen with over 40 species of mammals suspected as definitive host reservoirs. In order to characterize levels of parasite gene flow across host species and identify the most important zoonotic reservoirs, S. japonicum larvae (miracidia) were sampled from a range of definitive host species in two contrasting habitat types within Anhui Province, China: a low-lying marshland region, and a hilly region, where animal reservoir populations may be predicted to differ substantially. Miracidia samples were genotyped using seven multiplexed microsatellite markers. Hierarchical F-statistics and clustering analyses revealed substantial geographical structuring of S. japonicum populations within Anhui, with strong parasite genetic differentiation between habitat types. Within most villages, there was very little or no parasite genetic differentiation among host species, suggesting frequent S. japonicum gene flow, and thus also transmission, across species. Moreover, the data provide novel molecular evidence that rodents and dogs are potentially very important infection reservoirs in hilly regions, in contrast to bovines in the marshland regions. The parasite genetic differentiation between habitat types might therefore be associated with contrasting host reservoirs. The high levels of parasite gene flow observed across host species in sympatric areas have important implications for S. japonicum control, particularly in hilly regions where control of infection among wild rodent populations could be challenging.