A global classification of snow crystals, ice crystals, and solid precipitation based on observations from middle latitudes to polar regions
A global classification of snow crystals, ice crystals, and solid precipitation based on observations from middle latitudes to polar regions
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DOI：
10.1016/j.atmosres.2013.06.006
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发表时间：
2013-10-01
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Yamashita, Akira
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kikuchi, Katsuhiro;Kameda, Takao;Yamashita, Akira
本文对Magono和Lee（1966）的天然雪晶分类进行了广泛的修订，该分类已被广泛用于雪和冰的研究，以描述雪晶的形状。新的分类将雪晶和其他固体降水颗粒分为121类，而Magono和Lee的分类则为80类。其中，28个类别是为了对1968年以来在极地地区发现的新型雪晶进行分类，7个类别是在重新考虑原始类别后创建的，6个类别是为了对冻结云颗粒和小雨滴等固体降水颗粒进行分类。由于我们的观测区域从中纬度（日本）延伸到极地地区，我们将新的分类方案称为“全球尺度分类”或“全球分类”。全球分类包括三个级别-一般、中级和初级-分别由8、39和121个类别组成。本文介绍了雪晶、冰晶和固体降水粒子的各种特征。(C)2013爱思唯尔有限公司版权所有。
This paper presents an extensive revision of Magono and Lee's (1966) classification of natural snow crystals, which has been widely used in snow and ice studies to describe snow crystal shapes. The new classification catalogs snow crystals and other solid precipitation particles into 121 categories, in contrast to Magono and Lee's 80 categories. Of these, 28 categories were created to classify new types of snow crystals that have been discovered in polar regions since 1968, seven were created after reconsidering the original categories, and six categories were created to classify solid precipitation particles such as frozen cloud particles and small raindrops. Because our observational area extended from middle latitudes (Japan) to polar regions, we refer to our new classification scheme as 'global-scale classification' or 'global classification'. The global classification consists of three levels - general, intermediate, and elementary - which are composed of 8, 39, and 121 categories, respectively. This paper describes the characteristics of each type of snow crystal, ice crystal, and solid precipitation particle. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.