The occurrence and spawning of cultured Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) in a Canadian river
The occurrence and spawning of cultured Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) in a Canadian river
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DOI：
10.1016/s1054-3139(97)80010-0
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发表时间：
1997-12-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Dilworth, T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Carr, JW;Anderson, JM;Dilworth, T
新不伦瑞克湾的芬迪鲑鱼养殖业从1980年的6吨扩大到1995年的16 380吨。随着养殖业的发展，逃逸的养殖鲑鱼进入淡水并在淡水中产卵的频率增加。自1992年以来，位于新不伦瑞克三文鱼养殖业中心的马瓜达维克河一直受到监测，以显示进入河中的野生和逃逸养殖三文鱼的比例变化。野生三文鱼的数量在五年内稳步下降，而养殖三文鱼的数量普遍增加。养殖三文鱼入河时间晚于野生三文鱼，且大多数养殖三文鱼性发育不成熟。目前野生三文鱼多海冬与一海冬的比例为0.4：1，而10年前为2：1。1993年，人们从马瓜达维奇河里的20只红蜘蛛身上采集了鸡蛋样本。对类胡萝卜素色素的分析表明，45%的红色是由确定的野生来源的雌性产生的，至少20%的红色是由确定的养殖来源的雌性产生的，其余35%的红色含有带有色素的卵，这表明可能是人工来源的。因此，养殖逃逸者的红血球可能高达检查总数的55%。马瓜达维克河的位置，以及可追溯到1992年的关于该河中野生和养殖三文鱼的数据，使其成为加拿大参考河流监测野生和养殖三文鱼相互作用的理想地点。
The New Brunswick Bay of Fundy salmon aquaculture industry expanded from 6 t in 1980 to 16 380 t in 1995. With the growth of the industry came an increase in the frequency of escaped cultured salmon entering and spawning in fresh water. Since 1992, the Magaguadavic River, located in the centre of the New Brunswick salmon aquaculture industry, has been monitored to show changes in the proportions of wild and escaped cultured salmon entering the river. Wild salmon numbers steadily declined over 5 years, whereas cultured salmon numbers generally increased. Cultured salmon entered the river later than wild salmon and the majority of cultured salmon were sexually immature. Present ratios of multi-sea-winter to one-sea-winter for wild salmon are 0.4:1, compared with 2:1 a decade earlier. Eggs were sampled from 20 redds in the Magaguadavic River in 1993. Analysis of carotenoid pigments revealed that 45% of the redds were made by females of definite wild origin, at least 20% by females of definite cultured origin, and the remaining 35% contained eggs with pigments indicating a possibility of cultured origin. Thus, redds of cultured escapees could be as high as 55% of the total examined. The location of the Magaguadavic River, and the availability of data on wild and cultured salmon in the river dating back to 1992, make this an ideal site for a Canadian reference river to monitor interactions between wild and cultured salmon.