Proximal Neuromuscular Control Protects Against Hamstring Injuries in Male Soccer Players: A Prospective Study With Electromyography Time-Series Analysis During Maximal Sprinting
Proximal Neuromuscular Control Protects Against Hamstring Injuries in Male Soccer Players: A Prospective Study With Electromyography Time-Series Analysis During Maximal Sprinting
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DOI：
10.1177/0363546516687750
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发表时间：
2017-05-01
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Witvrouw, Erik
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Schuermans, Joke;Danneels, Lieven;Witvrouw, Erik
背景资料：由于其持续的高发病率和有害的功能影响，腿筋损伤仍然是男子足球的一个重大问题。近端神经肌肉控制核心肌群稳定性被认为是预防原发性和继发性腘绳肌损伤的关键，尽管目前还没有关于核心肌群-腘绳肌联合的确切性质的科学证据和见解。假设：在整个跑步周期中，肌肉激活模式不会因随访期间受伤发生率而有所不同。证据等级，3.方法：60名业余足球运动员参加了在最大加速度到全速冲刺过程中的多肌表面肌电图（sEMG）评估。随后，在1.5个赛季的随访期间记录了腿筋损伤的发生。评估了在空中和站立加速阶段的腘绳肌、臀肌和躯干肌肉活动时间序列，并进行了统计学探索，以确定与受伤发生和随访期间缺乏运动的可能因果关系。在随访期间没有经历腿筋损伤的运动员在前挥杆阶段的臀肌活动量明显更高（P = 0.027）和更高的躯干肌肉活动量在向后摆动阶段的短跑（P = 0.042）。特别是，在后续的持续腿筋损伤的风险分别降低了20%和6%，在正常的肌肉活动的臀大肌在前挥杆和躯干肌肉在后摆，分别增加了10%（P <0.024）。结论：肌肉活动的核心单位在爆炸性运行过程中出现与腿筋损伤的发生在男子足球运动员。短跑空中阶段臀肌和躯干肌肉活动量越高，随访期间腿筋受伤的风险越低。因此，目前的研究结果为改善循证康复和预防提供了基础，特别是在运动特定活动（例如，短跑训练，敏捷训练）期间增加臀肌和躯干肌肉的神经肌肉控制。
Background: With their unremittingly high incidence rate and detrimental functional repercussions, hamstring injuries remain a substantial problem in male soccer. Proximal neuromuscular control (core stability) is considered to be of key importance in primary and secondary hamstring injury prevention, although scientific evidence and insights on the exact nature of the core-hamstring association are nonexistent at present.Hypothesis: The muscle activation pattern throughout the running cycle would not differ between participants based on injury occurrence during follow-up.Study Design: Case-control study; Level of evidence, 3.Methods: Sixty amateur soccer players participated in a multimuscle surface electromyography (sEMG) assessment during maximal acceleration to full-speed sprinting. Subsequently, hamstring injury occurrence was registered during a 1.5-season follow-up period. Hamstring, gluteal, and trunk muscle activity time series during the airborne and stance phases of acceleration were evaluated and statistically explored for a possible causal association with injury occurrence and absence from sport during follow-up.Results: Players who did not experience a hamstring injury during follow-up had significantly higher amounts of gluteal muscle activity during the front swing phase (P = .027) and higher amounts of trunk muscle activity during the backswing phase of sprinting (P = .042). In particular, the risk of sustaining a hamstring injury during follow-up lowered by 20% and 6%, with a 10% increment in normalized muscle activity of the gluteus maximus during the front swing and the trunk muscles during the backswing, respectively (P < .024).Conclusion: Muscle activity of the core unit during explosive running appeared to be associated with hamstring injury occurrence in male soccer players. Higher amounts of gluteal and trunk muscle activity during the airborne phases of sprinting were associated with a lower risk of hamstring injuries during follow-up. Hence, the present results provide a basis for improved, evidence-based rehabilitation and prevention, particularly focusing on increasing neuromuscular control of the gluteal and trunk muscles during sport-specific activities (eg, sprint drills, agility drills).