Characterisation of particle mass and number concentration on the east coast of the Malaysian Peninsula during the northeast monsoon
Characterisation of particle mass and number concentration on the east coast of the Malaysian Peninsula during the northeast monsoon
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DOI：
10.1016/j.atmosenv.2015.07.018
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发表时间：
2015-09
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
D. Dominick;Mohd Talib Latif;L. Juneng;F. Khan;N. Amil;M. I. Mead;M. Nadzir;P. S. Moi;A. Samah;M. Ashfold;W. Sturges;N. Harris;A. Robinson;J. Pyle
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文献类型：
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作者：
D. Dominick;Mohd Talib Latif;L. Juneng;F. Khan;N. Amil;M. I. Mead;M. Nadzir;P. S. Moi;A. Samah;M. Ashfold;W. Sturges;N. Harris;A. Robinson;J. Pyle
在马来西亚半岛的吉兰丹巴竹热带海岸环境中，测量了颗粒物质量浓度（PM10、PM2.5和PM 1）和颗粒物数量浓度（PNC; 0.27 μm ≤Dp ≤ 34.00 μm）。统计方法应用于三个月的每小时数据集（2014年1月9日至3月24日），以研究东北风对颗粒质量和PNC尺寸分布模式的影响。在这项研究中获得的颗粒质量的24小时浓度低于马来西亚空气质量建议指南（RMAQG），美国环境保护署（US EPA）和欧盟（EU）详细规定的标准值，但PM2.5除外，其记录的24小时平均值为30 ± 18 μg m− 3，超过了世界卫生组织（WHO）的阈值（25 μg m−3）。主成分分析（PCA）结果显示，直径较小（0.27-4.50 μm）的PNC影响较大，占PNC数据集变异的57.6%。颗粒质量和PNC的浓度在早上稳步增加，在8.00 h左右观察到一个明显的峰值，这与夜间累积颗粒的分散和当地交通相结合有关。除了当地的人为活动、农业燃烧和森林火灾活动外，远距离迁移也对研究区域产生影响。热点和反向风轨迹观测表明，生物质燃烧事件（2月至3月左右）显着影响PNC。气象参数对小粒径颗粒物（PM 1和Dp（0.27-0.43 μm））的影响最大。
Particle mass concentrations (PM10, PM2.5and PM1) and particle number concentration ((PNC); 0.27 μm ≤Dp ≤ 34.00 μm) were measured in the tropical coastal environment of Bachok, Kelantan on the Malaysian Peninsula bordering the southern edge of the South China Sea. Statistical methods were applied on a three-month hourly data set (9th January to 24th March 2014) to study the influence of north-easterly winds on the patterns of particle mass and PNC size distributions. The 24-h concentrations of particle mass obtained in this study were below the standard values detailed by the Recommended Malaysian Air Quality Guideline (RMAQG), United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) and European Union (EU) except for PM2.5, which recorded a 24-h average of 30 ± 18 μg m−3and exceeded the World Health Organisation (WHO) threshold value (25 μg m−3). Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed that PNC with smaller diameter sizes (0.27–4.50 μm) showed a stronger influence, accounting for 57.6% of the variability in PNC data set. Concentrations of both particle mass and PNC increased steadily in the morning with a distinct peak observed at around 8.00 h, related to a combination of dispersion of accumulated particles overnight and local traffic. In addition to local anthropogenic, agricultural burning and forest fire activities, long-range transport also affects the study area. Hotspot and backward wind trajectory observations illustrated that the biomass burning episode (around February–March) significantly influenced PNC. Meteorological parameters influenced smaller size particles (i.e. PM1andDp (0.27–0.43 μm)) the most.