Embryonic stem cells: potential source for ocular repair.
Embryonic stem cells: potential source for ocular repair.
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DOI：
10.1080/08820530590921846
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发表时间：
2005-01-01
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Haruta, Masathoshi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Haruta, Masathoshi
许多眼部疾病，如色素性视网膜炎和年龄相关性黄斑变性，都反映了特定细胞的损伤，这些细胞通常不能修复或替换。动物研究的初步结果表明，这些退行性疾病可以通过移植健康的胎儿细胞来治疗。然而，获得足够数量的合适供体细胞仍然是一个问题。人类胚胎干细胞（ES）的分离因其在这些退行性疾病患者的潜在临床应用而备受关注。由于胚胎干细胞有可能产生所有的成人细胞类型，由于特定细胞类型的失败而导致的眼部疾病可能通过移植胚胎干细胞衍生的分化细胞来治疗。此外，由于胚胎干细胞可以在未分化状态下无限增殖，因此有望缓解用于细胞替代治疗的供体细胞短缺的问题。近年来，胚胎干细胞分化晶状体细胞、视网膜神经元细胞和视网膜色素上皮细胞（RPE）的方法越来越多。本文对胚胎干细胞分化的眼细胞作一综述。我们还将讨论胚胎干细胞治疗眼部疾病的潜在治疗用途。
Many ocular diseases, such as retinitis pigmentosa and age-related macular degeneration, reflect damage to specific cells that are not normally repaired or replaced. Preliminary results of animal studies suggest that these degenerative diseases may be treatable by transplantation of healthy fetal cells. However, obtaining a sufficient number of suitable donor cells remains a problem. The isolation of human embryonic stem (ES) cells has drawn much attention because of their potential clinical application for patients with these degenerative diseases. Because ES cells have the potential to generate all adult cell types, ocular diseases resulting from the failure of specific cell types would be potentially treatable through the transplantation of differentiated cells derived from ES cells. In addition, because ES cells can proliferate indefinitely in their undifferentiated state, they are expected to alleviate the problem of the shortage of donor cells for cell-replacement therapy. Recently, reproducible and efficient differentiation methods for the generation of lens cells, retinal neurons, and retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells from ES cells have been developed. This review focuses especially on these ocular cells differentiated from ES cells. We will also discuss the potential therapeutic uses of ES cells for the treatment of ocular diseases.