Cortical control of voluntary blinking: a transcranial magnetic stimulation study.
Cortical control of voluntary blinking: a transcranial magnetic stimulation study.
复制标题
自愿眨眼的皮质控制：一项经颅磁刺激研究。
DOI：
10.1016/j.clinph.2003.10.035
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发表时间：
2004
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Hallett,M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Sohn,YH;Voller,B;Dimyan,M;StClairGibson,A;Hanakawa,T;Leon-Sarmiento,FE;Jung,HY;Hallett,M
目的探讨与随意眨眼相关的皮层区域。方法对10名健康受试者在睁眼和闭眼状态下，在面运动皮层（M1）和中线额区（Fz）进行经颅磁刺激（TMS）。采用表面电极和针电极记录眼轮匝肌（OOC）、口轮匝肌（OOR）、小指展肌和胫骨前肌的运动诱发电位。面M波和瞬目反射测量使用超大电刺激的面神经和眶上nerves.ResultsTMS在Fz引起3波在OOC没有反应，在其他测试的肌肉，除了在OOR的早期波。面部M1刺激只产生早波和晚波。由于其潜伏期、形状以及与线圈位置和刺激强度的关系，早波和晚波似乎类似于面部M波和眨眼反射的R1分量。闭眼刺激Fz诱发OOC的中间波潜伏期为6-8 ms，其潜伏期与其他颅肌的中枢传导时间一致，具有肌兴奋相关的易化特征，推测中间波与皮层刺激有关。这一结果提供了证据表明，上面部运动，包括眨眼的皮质中心，主要不是位于面部M1，而是在近中额区。
ObjectiveTo investigate cortical regions related to voluntary blinking.MethodsTranscranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) was applied to the facial motor cortex (M1) and the midline frontal region (Fz) in 10 healthy subjects with eyes opened and closed. Motor-evoked potentials were recorded from the orbicularis oculi (OOC), orbicularis oris (OOR), abductor digiti minimi and tibialis anterior using surface and needle electromyography electrodes. Facial M waves and blink reflex were measured using supramaximal electrical stimulation of the facial and supraorbital nerves.ResultsTMS at Fz elicited 3 waves in OOC with no response in other tested muscles except for the early wave in OOR. Facial M1 stimulation produced only early and late waves. Because of their latencies, shapes, and relationship to coil position and stimulation intensity, early and late waves appeared to be analogous to the facial M wave and R1 component of the blink reflex. The intermediate wave at 6–8 ms latency was elicited in OOC by Fz stimulation with eyes closed.ConclusionsSince its latency matches the central conduction time of other cranial muscles and it has characteristic of muscle activation-related facilitation, the intermediate wave is presumably related to cortical stimulation. This result provides evidence that the cortical center for the upper facial movements, including blinking, is not principally located in the facial M1, but rather in the mesial frontal region.