At the Cutting Edge: Ghrelin Gene Products in Food Intake and Gut Motility
At the Cutting Edge: Ghrelin Gene Products in Food Intake and Gut Motility
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DOI：
10.1159/000165004
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发表时间：
2009-01-01
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Inui, Akio
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chen, Chih-Yen;Fujimiya, Mineko;Inui, Akio
Ghrelin是一种由28个氨基酸组成的肽，最近从胃中被鉴定为生长激素促分泌素受体（以前称为孤儿受体）的第一个内源性配体。Ghrelin是通过“反向药理学”发现的。酰基饥饿素肽具有丝氨酸3处O-正辛酰化的独特翻译后修饰，并且是增加膳食量的唯一胃肠道信号。然而，去酰基生长素释放肽占血浆中的主要形式。最近，通过生物信息学方法，从哺乳动物前促生长素原基因（preproghrelin）（其也编码生长素释放肽）衍生出一种新的23个氨基酸的肽obestatin。这在最前沿的审查集中在三个ghrelin基因产物：酰基ghrelin，去酰基ghrelin，和新发现的obestatin。他们的最新orexigenic和orexigenic对食物摄入量的影响，他们的信号转导途径从外周到大脑，以及他们在调节胃肠动力的作用，和潜在的应用在许多领域的医学，如进食障碍，肥胖/厌食症恶病质，和胃肠动力障碍在不同的条件下，是关键的解决。版权所有（C）2008 S. Karger AG，巴塞尔
Ghrelin, a 28-amino acid peptide, was recently identified from the stomach as the first endogenous ligand for growth hormone secretagogue receptors (previously known as orphan receptors). Ghrelin was discovered by 'reverse pharmacology'. The acyl ghrelin peptide features a unique post-translational modification of O-n-octanoylation at serine 3, and is the only gastrointestinal signal that increases meal size. However, des-acyl ghrelin accounts for the major forms in the plasma. Most recently, obestatin, a novel 23-amino acid peptide, was derived from the mammalian preproghrelin gene, which also encodes ghrelin, by a bioinformatic approach. This at-the-cutting-edge review focuses on three ghrelin gene products: acyl ghrelin, des-acyl ghrelin, and the newly identified obestatin. Their updated orexigenic and anorexigenic effects on food intake, their signal transduction pathways from the periphery to the brain, as well as their roles in modulating gastrointestinal motility, and potential applications in the many fields of medicine such as eating disorders, obesity/anorexia-cachexia, and gastrointestinal dysmotility under different conditions, are critically addressed. Copyright (C) 2008 S. Karger AG, Basel