Textural characteristics of ore mineral dendrites in banded quartz veins from low-sulfidation epithermal deposits: implications for the formation of bonanza-type precious metal enrichment
Textural characteristics of ore mineral dendrites in banded quartz veins from low-sulfidation epithermal deposits: implications for the formation of bonanza-type precious metal enrichment
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低硫化浅成热液矿床带状石英脉中矿石矿物枝晶的结构特征：对富矿型贵金属富集形成的启示
DOI：
10.1007/s00126-023-01187-7
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发表时间：
2023
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Sherlock, Ross
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tharalson, Erik R.;Taksavasu, Tadsuda;Monecke, Thomas;Reynolds, T. James;Kelly, Nigel M.;Pfaff, Katharina;Bell, Aaron S.;Sherlock, Ross
低硫化浅成热液矿床富矿型矿带中的石英脉常含有矿石枝晶。研究人员研究了位于加州和内华达州的四个矿床中由胶状二氧化硅带承载的金和锰矿枝晶，以更好地了解这些精致的矿石矿物聚集体形成的过程。高倍光学岩石学表明，承载矿石矿物枝晶的胶状带最初是由非晶二氧化硅微球组成的。结构关系表明，微球形二氧化硅为精细矿石矿物团聚体的生长提供了结构框架。矿石枝晶要么与微球二氧化硅沿脉壁沉积同时生长，要么在微球可渗透凝胶状层沉积之后生长。氢氟酸蚀刻表明，矿石的矿物枝晶表现出复杂的表面形态。沉积后的成熟和再结晶作用改变了矿石中矿物枝晶的表面形貌及其与石英基体的结构关系，使非结晶二氧化硅转变为石英。本文认为，低硫化度低温热液脉体中的矿石枝晶是在两相流动过程中形成的，并伴有短暂的剧烈沸腾或闪蒸事件，导致液体中二氧化硅过饱和和矿石沉积。
Quartz veins in bonanza-type ore zones of low-sulfidation epithermal deposits frequently contain ore mineral dendrites. Gold and naumannite dendrites hosted by colloform silica bands from four deposits located in California and Nevada were studied to better understand the processes by which these delicate ore mineral aggregates are formed. High-magnification optical petrography revealed that the colloform bands hosting the ore mineral dendrites originally consisted of non-crystalline silica microspheres. Textural relationships suggest that the microspherical silica provided the structural framework for the delicate ore mineral aggregates to grow. The ore mineral dendrites either grew contemporaneously with the deposition of the microspherical silica along the vein walls or after their deposition within permeable gel-like layers of microspheres. Etching in hydrofluoric acid showed that the ore mineral dendrites exhibit complex surface morphologies. The surface morphology of the ore mineral dendrites and their textural relationships with the silica host were modified as a result of post-depositional maturation and recrystallization causing the conversion of the non-crystalline silica to quartz. It is proposed here that ore mineral dendrites formed in low-sulfidation epithermal veins during periods of two-phase flow associated with short-lived events of vigorous boiling or flashing, which caused supersaturation of silica in the liquid and the deposition of the ore minerals.
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