Verbs Matter: A Tutorial for Determining Verb Difficulty.
Verbs Matter: A Tutorial for Determining Verb Difficulty.
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动词很重要：确定动词难度的教程。
DOI：
10.1044/2023_ajslp-22-00333
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发表时间：
2023
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Matthys,Olivia
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Finestack,LizbethH;Linert,Jamie;Ancel,Elizabeth;Hilliard,Lisa;Munson,Benjamin;Kuchler,Kirstin;Matthys,Olivia
研究表明，在向儿童教授语法形式时，用来模拟特定语法变化的动词很重要。在学习语法形式时，当孩子们听到许多频率和语音复杂性不同的独特动词形式时，他们的表现会更好。在本教程中，我们将演示一种基于频率和复杂性来识别和描述大量动词的方法。方法从开放获取的儿童语言样本转录数据库中选择动词。我们提取了5- 8.9岁儿童在四种形态句法语境中产生的动词：规则的过去时态、第三人称单数s、is/are+动词+ing和do/does问题。我们根据动词在文本中的出现频率对其进行排名。我们还编码了每个动词的语音复杂性。我们将每个动词按照高频率或低频率、高或低语音复杂度进行编码。结果合成得到了129个用于一般过去时语境的独特动词，107个用于第三人称单数-scontext的独特动词，69个用于theis/are+动词+ingcontext的独特动词，16个用于do/does疑问句语境的独特动词。我们为每种形式创建了表格，其中包括每个动词的频率排名和语音复杂性得分。结论临床医生可以使用动词表、频率评分和语音复杂性评分来帮助识别动词，并将其纳入儿童的评估和干预环节。研究人员和临床医生可以使用教程中介绍的逐步方法来识别在不同形态句法语境中使用的动词或其他句法成分，或由不同人口统计数据的个体在不同的口语语境中产生的动词或其他句法成分。
PurposeResearch indicates that when teaching grammatical forms to children, the verbs used to model specific grammatical inflections matter. When learning grammatical forms, children have higher performance when they hear many unique verb forms that vary in their frequency and phonological complexity. In this tutorial, we demonstrate a method for identifying and characterizing a large number of verbs based on their frequency and complexity.MethodWe selected verbs from an open-access database of transcribed child language samples. We extracted verbs produced by 5- to 8.9-year-old children in four morphosyntactic contexts: regular past tense-ed, third person singular-s,is/are+ verb+ing, anddo/doesquestions. We ranked verbs based on their frequency of occurrence across transcripts. We also coded the phonological complexity of each verb. We coded each verb as high or low frequency and high or low phonological complexity.ResultsThe synthesis yielded 129 unique verbs used in the regular past tense-edcontext, 107 verbs used in the third person singular -scontext, 69 verbs used in theis/are+ verb+ingcontext, and 16 verbs used in thedo/doesquestion context. We created tables for each form that include the frequency rankings and phonological complexity scores for every verb.ConclusionsClinicians may use the verb lists, frequency ratings, and phonological complexity scores to help identify verbs to incorporate into assessment and intervention sessions with children. Researchers and clinicians may use the step-by-step approach presented in the tutorial to identify verbs or other syntactic components used in different morphosyntactic contexts or produced by individuals of different demographics in different speaking contexts.