Cascading lake drainage on the Greenland Ice Sheet triggered by tensile shock and fracture.

Cascading lake drainage on the Greenland Ice Sheet triggered by tensile shock and fracture.
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DOI:
10.1038/s41467-018-03420-8
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发表时间:
2018-03-14
影响因子:
16.6
通讯作者:
Pettersson R
Pettersson R
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Christoffersen P;Bougamont M;Hubbard A;Doyle SH;Grigsby S;Pettersson R

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格陵兰冰盖上的冰上湖泊正在向内陆扩展,但对冰流的影响是不确定的,因为内部表面条件可能会阻止地表水转移到河床。在这里,我们使用一个约束良好的三维模型来证明,在格陵兰岛的冰上湖排水时,张应力扰动传播骨折的地区,骨折通常不存在或关闭。当相距80公里的湖泊形成广阔的网络并迅速连续排水时,这些融化引起的扰动就会升级。其结果是一个拉伸冲击,建立新的表面到床的水力路径的地区,裂缝瞬时打开。我们发现了距离冰缘内陆135公里处的开口裂缝的证据,这比以前认为的可能要远得多。我们假设内陆湖泊的扩张将把水和热输送到冰盖内部的孤立区域,那里对冰流的影响可能很大。格陵兰冰盖上的湖泊在排水时将水转移到河床上,但其影响尚不清楚。在这里,作者使用3D模型显示,当裂缝形成时,湖泊排水,导致连锁反应,其中级联湖泊排水延伸到内陆,并将水输送到以前孤立的河床区域。
Supraglacial lakes on the Greenland Ice Sheet are expanding inland, but the impact on ice flow is equivocal because interior surface conditions may preclude the transfer of surface water to the bed. Here we use a well-constrained 3D model to demonstrate that supraglacial lakes in Greenland drain when tensile-stress perturbations propagate fractures in areas where fractures are normally absent or closed. These melt-induced perturbations escalate when lakes as far as 80 km apart form expansive networks and drain in rapid succession. The result is a tensile shock that establishes new surface-to-bed hydraulic pathways in areas where crevasses transiently open. We show evidence for open crevasses 135 km inland from the ice margin, which is much farther inland than previously considered possible. We hypothesise that inland expansion of lakes will deliver water and heat to isolated regions of the ice sheet’s interior where the impact on ice flow is potentially large. Lakes on the Greenland Ice Sheet transfer water to the bed when they drain, but the impact is unknown. Here, the authors use a 3D model to show that lakes drain when fractures form, causing a chain reaction in which cascading lake drainages extend inland and deliver water to previously isolated regions of the bed.
格陵兰冰下排水演化受河床弱连接区域的调节。
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